Chapter 12: Biopesticides for Management Flashcards
what are presticides derived from
animals, microorganisms, certain minerals
Who regulates biopesticides
Pollution Prevention Division (BPPD), Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP)
How are biopesticides differentiated from other insecticides
- Unique Mode of Action (MOA)
- Narrow pest range
- Low use volume
- Natural occurrence
What do bipopesticides target
One specific group of pests
Are Insect growth regulators harmful for natural enemies
No
What is the EPA
Enviromental Protection Agency
Biopesticides are registered under what classes
- Microbial Pesticides
- biochemical pesticides
- plant-incorperated protectants
How are microbial pesticides similar to conventional insecticides
Sprayed / delivered similarly
How are microbial pesticides formulated
dusts, liquid drenches, liquid concentrates, wettable powders, granules
active ingredients in microbial pesticides
bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
What form of bacteria are commonly used as insecticides
spore-forming, genus Bacillus
Viruses are believed to have -
management potential
what kind of viruses are most commonly used for insect management
baculoviruses
what are protozoa
single celled organisms
are fungi naturally occuring
yes
What do protozoa do when ingested
kill insects when ingested
What do Insect Growth Regulators do
disrupt the normal growth and development of immature insects
what do Insect Growth Regulators target
chemical analogs of ecdysone or Juvenile Hormone
Active ingredients in Insect Growth Regulators
Methoprene, S-methoprene, S-Hydroprene, S-Kinoprene
What does methoprine help with
suppression of beetles, flies, mosquitoes, ants, and others
on food, nonfood, ornamentals, and livestock
What does S-Methoprene help with
suppression of beetles, flies, mosquitoes, ants, and others
on food, nonfood, ornamentals, and livestock, pest products
What does S-Hydroprene help with
Cockroaches, and food handling locations
What does S-Kinoprene used for
whiteflies, gnats, aphids, mealybugs, and scales on
ornamentals
What do repellants do
Attract pests to sites where they are killed or repell away from source
What are examples of plant oils used as repellants
Cedarwood, citronella, eucalyptus, jojoba,
lavandin, linalool
What are attractants
Cinnamaldehyde, citronellol, eugenol and methyl
eugenol, geraniol,
Suffocating agents
type of oil that affects various stages of soft body insects that block respiratory system (spiracles) or breaks down cuticle
Desiccants
Disrupts the waxy outer layer of the cuticle causing water loss and resulting in death
Coatings
nontoxic physical parrier between insect pest and leaf surface
Pheromones
volatile chemical attractants involved in finding insect mates (synthetic versions used in traps)
What is another name for GMO
Transgenic Plants
Gene stacks
produce plants resistant to multiple pest species
What do Plant-Incorporated Protectants
creates crop plants that are resistant to certain insects
Why are Plant-incorporated protectant benificial
high specificity against certain insects
protein gene responsible for producing toxin from insect pathogen
Bacillus Thuringiensis
