Chapter 6 (Section 1) Flashcards
Memory
Memory
The retention of information or experience over time as the result of 3 key processes or functions: encoding, storage, and retrieval
3 Key Processes/Functions of Memory
- Encoding
- Storage
- Retrieval
Encoding
The act of inputting information into memory
Storage
The place where information is retained
Retrieval
The process of accessing information in memory and putting it int consciousness
Encoding
Selective Attention
Focusing on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring others
Encoding
Executive Attention
Involves action planning, allocate attention to goals, detect errors and compensate for them, monitor progress on tasks, and deal with novel or difficult circumstances
Encoding
Sustained Attention
The ability maintain attention to selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time
Encoding
Divided Attention
The ability of paying attention to two tasks at the same time
Different from Multitasking
Encoding
3 Levels of Processing
- Shallow
- Intermediate
- Deep
Encoding: 3 Levels of Processing
Shallow
Processing that includes analyzing/focusing on the physical/perceptual features of a stimulus
Encoding: 3 Levels of Processing
Intermediate
Involves giving the stimulus a label
Encoding: 3 Levels of Processing
Deep
Thinking about the meaning of the stimulus
Encoding
Elaboration
During encoding, this technique is used to form meaningful association or deep connections between new information and the information that already known or stored in LTM
Encoding: Semantic/Meaning
Semantic Encoding
- Endoding based upon the “meaning” of information.
- Stores the gist or general meaning of the stimulus rather than storing all of the sensory details
