Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Introduction to Psychology > Chapter 1 (Section 3) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 (Section 3) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Modern Perspectives

Biology

A

The physical/biological causes to understand and explain behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Modern Perspectives

Neuroscience

A

A field in science that investigates the relationships between the nervous system and behavior/mental processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Four Goals of Psychology

  1. Explain
A

The attempt to explain or understand the causes of a behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Four Goals of Psychology

  1. Predict
A

After observing events two events regularly ocurring together, a prediction and/or anticipation of future events can be made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Empirical Method of Research

A

Gaining knowledge through the observation of events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Modern Perspectives

Evolutionary

A

“Survival of the fittest” - Behaviors that increase human’s chances of surviving are foacored or selected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Modern Perspectives

Cognitive

A

The mental processes involved in knowing and thinking and how behavior is the product of thoughts and interpretations based on memory, expectatino, beliefs, problem solving, intelligence, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Modern Perspectives

Sociocultural

A

Wider view of the impact of our social environment on behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Modern Perspectives

Humanistic

A

The personal growth and potential of humans.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Four Goals of Psychology

  1. Control
A

The purpose behind explaining and understanding the causes of behavior is to control/change future behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Theory

A

A broad idea or set of closely related ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Modern Perspectives

Psychodynamic

A

Internal conscious conlicts between biological dirves, desires and society’s demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Modern Perspectives

Eclectic

A

Integrates and combines several perspectives when explaining behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Modern Perspectives

Behavioral

A

External causes of behavior and how stimuli in our environment and/or rewards and punishments we receive influence our behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Four Goals of Psychology

  1. Describe
A

Involves observing events and describe them in order to look at how events might be related

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Variable

A

Anything that can change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Predictive & Causal

Hypothesis

A

An educated guess or an assumption made before any research has been completed to explain the relationship between two or more variables

9
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Descriptive Research

A

Finding out about the basic dimensions of some variable

9
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Correlational Research

A

Strives to discover relationship between variables

9
Q

Predictive & Causal

Causal Hypothesis

A

An educated guess about how one variable effects or causes a change in another variable

manipulates the independant variable

10
Q

Predictive & Causal

Predictive Hypothesis

A

an educated guess about the relationship among variables

No manipulating or controlling the independant variable

11
Q
A
12
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Experimental Research

A

Establishes causal relationships between variables

13
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Observer Bias

A

The tendency of observers to see what they expect to see

13
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Naturalistic Observations (Descriptive)

A

Observing behavior in the natural environment in which the behavior typically occurs

14
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Obserer Effect

A

The tendency of people or animals to behave differently from normal when they know they are being observed

15
Q

Surveys & Interviews (Descriptive)

A

Researchers will ask a series of question about the topic they are studying

16
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Case Studies (Descriptive)

A

One individual is studied in great detail

17
Q

Type of Psychological Research

Correlational Research/Studies

A

Used to determine if a correlation exists between 2 or more variables, and the strength of the relationship

Will NEVER determine the “cause” of an event or explain “why” an event occurs

18
Q

Longitudinal Designs

A

Measures the same variables over different periods in time

18
Q

Randomized Control Trial (RCT)

A

A study design that randomly assigns participants to an experimental group or a control group

18
Q

Experiments

A

A carefully regulated procedure in which the research manipulates one or more variable that are believed to influence some other variable

19
Q

Sample Population

A

A portion or subset that represents the population of interest

19
Q

Total Population of Interest

A

The specified group of people/animals/institutions

19
Q

Confederates

A

A person who is given a role to play iin a study so that social context can be manipulated

20
Q

Experimental Group

A

Group that’s given the independant variable in an experiement

21
Q

Placebo

A

an inert substance or fake treatment, designed to have no therapeutic effect

22
Q

External Validity

A

The degree to which an experimental design actually reflects the real-world issues it is supposed to address

23
Q

Internal Validity

A

The degree to which changes in dependant variable are due to the manipulation of the independant variable

24
Q

Parallel Design

A

Compares two or more groups that receive different treatment interventions or are subjected to different experimental conditions

25
Q

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A

A non-invasive form of brain stimulation in which a changing magnetic field is used to cause electrical current at a specific area of the brain through electromagnetic induction

Introduction to Psychology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions