Chapter 6 Review

Question 1

A political system in which a small group of individuals exercises power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public

Answer 1

authoritarianism

Question 2

A political regime that is controlled by a small group of individuals who exercise power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public

Answer 2

nondemocratic regimes

Question 3

A nondemocratic regime that is highly centralized, possessing some form of strong ideology that seeks to transform and absorb fundamental aspects of state, society, and the economy, using a wide array of institutions

Answer 3

totalitarianism

Question 4

A political view that does not have a consistent ideological foundation, but that emphasizes hostility toward elites and established state and economic institutions and favors greater power in the hands of the public

Answer 4

populism

Question 5

Compelling behavior by threatening harm

Answer 5

coercion

Question 6

The process by which individuals are brought into a beneficial relationship with the state, making them dependent on the state for certain rewards

Answer 6

co-optation

Question 7

A method of co-optation whereby authoritarian systems create or sanction a limited number of organizations to represent the interests of the public and restrict those not set up or approved by the state

Answer 7

corporatism

Question 8

A process whereby the state co-opts members of the public by providing specific benefits or favors to a single person or a small group in return for public support

Answer 8

clientelism

Question 9

A process in which political leaders essentially rent out parts of the state to their patrons, who as a result control public goods that would otherwise be distributed in a nonpolitical manner

Answer 9

rent seeking

Question 10

�Rule by theft,”” where those in power seek only to drain the state of assets and resources

Answer 10

kleptocracy

Question 11

Rule by a single leader, with no clear regime or rules constraining that leadership

Answer 11

personal/monarchical rule

Question 12

Promotion of the image of an authoritarian leader not merely as a political figure but as someone who embodies the spirit of the nation and possesses endowments of wisdom and strength far beyond those of the average individual and is thus portrayed in a quasi-religious manner

Answer 12

personality cult

Question 13

An arrangement whereby a ruler depends on a collection of supporters within the state who gain direct benefits in return for enforcing the ruler’s will

Answer 13

patrimonialism

Question 14

A system in which the state bureaucracy and the military share a belief that a technocratic leadership, focused on rational, objective, and technical expertise, can solve the problems of the country without public participation

Answer 14

bureaucratic authoritarinism

Question 15

A nondemocratic form of rule where religion is the foundation for the regime

Answer 15

theocracy

Question 16

Rule by an elected leadership through procedures of questionable democratic legitimacy

Answer 16

illiberal or hybrid regime