Chapter 6 (heredity) Flashcards
What is heredity
This is the tendency of offspring to resemble their parents.
The study of heredity started by who? And about what year?
- Gregory Mendel,
- 1856
What is called the P, generation.
This parental generation
Which generation is an hybrid?
F2 generation.
What is an allele
(allele is the alternative form of a gene controlling a given characteristic).
What is the law of segregation.
It states that organisms’ characteristics are determined by genes which occur in pairs; and that when gametes are produced, the paired genes separate (segregate) and are distributed as units to each gamete.
What is a Dihybrids
This is the inheritance of two pairs of characteristics.
Why is a generation is said to be dihybrid?
because it is produced by crossing parents differing in two traits.
What is Law of Independent Assortment.
This states that the distribution of one pair of genes is independent of the distribution of the other pair.
The assortment of genes is independent.
In a nucleus of a cell there are 2 types of chromosomes, namely
sex chromosomes and autosomes.
How many homogeneous chromosomes are there in the nucleus of male and female respectively
22 and 23
What determines the sex of the child?
sex chromosomes in the sperm cell
In what organism does the Y chromosome seems to be genetically inert.
many insects
What is Linkage
This is the occurrence of several genes controlling a wide range of characteristics on a single chromosome.
What is a sex-linked gene ?
All genes carried on the sex chromosomes
