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Psych 100 > Chapter 6 - Consciousness > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Consciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

Consciousness

A

Self-awareness and stream of flowing thoughts

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2
Q

States of consciousness

A

Level of awareness of our extrernal surroundings

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3
Q

Contents of consciousness

A

Specific thoughts we are aware of

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4
Q

Inattention blindness

A

We don’t notice something even though it is detectable because we weren’t paying attention (gorilla video)

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5
Q

Reticular formation

A

helps us be awake and conscious

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6
Q

Thalamus & hypothalamus

A

Information processing

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7
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

important for the awareness aspects of consciousness

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8
Q

Damage to reticular formation

A

loss of consciousness

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9
Q

Damage to hypothalamus

A

Disturbance of alertness

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10
Q

damage to thalamus

A

lack of conscious awareness

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11
Q

damage to cerebral cortex

A

lack of awareness

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12
Q

When does conscious awareness develop?

A

18 months

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13
Q

When does full conscious awareness develop?

A

22 months

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14
Q

Preconsciousness

A

level of awareness which information can become readily available

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15
Q

Automatic behaviors

A

processes are easy to bring to mind (brushing teeth)

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16
Q

Unconscious state

A

information is not easily accessible

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17
Q

Explicit memory

A

knowledge we are fully aware of

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18
Q

Implicit memory

A

knowledge we have stored we are not aware of

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19
Q

Adaptive theory of sleep

A

organisms sleep for self-preservation (hide from predators)

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20
Q

Restoration theory of sleep

A

we sleep to restore brain and body

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21
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

biological clock - patterns of feelings sleepy or aware that can correspond to daylight and night

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22
Q

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

group of neurons responsible for coordinating rhythms of the body

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23
Q

Why does artificial lighting have an impact on sleep quality?

A

photoreceptors send message to SCN about daylight - releases dopamine and melatonin keeping you awake

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24
Q

How long is a sleep cycle

A

90-100 min

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25
Q

How many stages does one cycle have

A

5 stages

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26
Q

Stage 1

A

a few minutes - alpha waves change to theta waves - transition from wakefulness and sleep

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27
Q

Stage 2

A

15 - 20 mins - more relaxed - sleep spindles

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28
Q

Stage 3

A

Deep sleep - delta waves

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29
Q

Stage 4

A

low heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing

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30
Q

What stage of sleep is sleepwalking likely?

A

Stage 4

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31
Q

Stage 5

A

REM sleep

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32
Q

What is the pre-sleep period also known as

A

Hypnagogic state

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33
Q

Hypnagogic state

A

Alpha waves, hallucinations, jerks

34
Q

REM sleep

A

jagged brain wave patterns
increased heart rate
irregular breathing
dreaming

35
Q

Information processing theory of dreaming

A

dreams can help us solve problems and process information from the day

36
Q

Freudian dream theory

A

Dreams express our unconscious wishes and desires

37
Q

nightmares

A

dreams filled with intense anxiety

38
Q

dream disorder anxiety

A

frequent distressing nightmares

39
Q

lucid dreams

A

sleeper can control dreams and are aware when dreaming

40
Q

Day dreams

A

fantasies that occur while awake but not fully conscious

41
Q

What age group spends more time REM

A

Children - due to development

42
Q

Insomnia

A

Difficulty staying asleep and going to sleep
Common in older people with medical conditions

43
Q

Most common sleep disorder

A

insomnia

44
Q

Second most common sleep disorder

A

sleep apnea

45
Q

Sleep apnea

A

stops breathing during sleep causing multiple awakenings

46
Q

Which sleep disorder can cause cardiac arrest

A

sleep apnea

47
Q

excessive daytime sleepiness

A

chronically tired even after well rested

48
Q

narcolepsy

A

urge to fall asleep, suddenly falls into rem sleep (15 mins)

49
Q

delayed sleep phase syndrome

A

long delay in ability to fall asleep

50
Q

Advanced sleep phase syndrome

A

can only all asleep between 6-9pm and 2-5am

51
Q

Restless leg syndrome

A

urge to move legs before sleeping

52
Q

periodic limb movements of sleep

A

strong urge to move legs during sleep

53
Q

when is sleepwalking most likely to occur

A

during first three hours of sleep

54
Q

night terrors

A

child wakes up in panic and instantly goes back to bed

55
Q

cause of insomnia

A

stress

56
Q

Which sleep disorders can be caused by genetics

A

Night terrors, narcolepsy

57
Q

Which stages of sleep do night terrors occur in

A

3 and 4

58
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder

A

acting out a dream in bed while sleeping

59
Q

Which sleeping disorder does not have a cure

A

Narcolepsy

60
Q

Which sleep disorder is inherited

A

sleepwalking

61
Q

Hypnosis

A

altered state of consciousness which includes:
relaxation, and intense focus

62
Q

Divided consciousness theory

A

awareness splits in two
1) responds to hypnotists suggestion
2) processes pain less consciously

63
Q

Social/cognitive theory

A

participant believes in hypnosis and works hard to ignore the pain

64
Q

psychoactive drugs

A

chemicals that affect awareness, perception, and mood

65
Q

addiction

A

psychological or physical urge to take a drug

66
Q

tolerance

A

needing larger doses to get the sam effect

67
Q

withdrawal symptoms

A

side effects of reducing intake of a drug after addiction

68
Q

depressants

A

slows the activity in the CNS to reduce tension

69
Q

sedative-hypnotics

A

produces relaxation and drowsiness - relieves anxiety

70
Q

opioids

A

reduces pain and emotional tension - produces calming feelings

71
Q

examples of opioids

A

heroin, morphine, codeine and OxyContin

72
Q

examples of sedative-hypnotics

A

xanax, ativan

73
Q

Stimulants

A

increases activity of the CNS

74
Q

Examples of stimulants

A

caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines

75
Q

Cocaine

A

increase energy and alertness reduces memory, attention, decision making

76
Q

amphetamines

A

increase energy and alertness and reduce appetite

77
Q

Hallucinogens

A

produce perceptual distortions called hallucinations

78
Q

Examples of hallucinogens

A

LSD, Cannabis

79
Q

LSD

A

strengthens visual perceptions (illusions and hallucination)

80
Q

Cannabis

A

Produces a mixture of hallucinations, depressants, and stimulant effects

81
Q

Reward-deficiency syndrome

A

people might abuse drugs because their reward centre is not activated by usual life events

82
Q

Example of cannabis

A

marijuana

Psych 100 (7 decks)

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