Chapter 6: Bones And Skeletal Tissue

Question 1

What percent of bones is composed of organic chemicals? Inorganic?

Answer 1

35% Organic
65% Inorganic

Question 2

What is the organic chemical composition of bones?

Answer 2

Extracellular Matrix - Collagen and Elastin fibers form the Bone Matrix
Cells:
Osteoblasts (build new bones - ossification - make mineral deposits)
Osteoclasts (breaks down bone “resorption”)
Osteocytes (reside in bone cells - trapped)

Question 3

What is the Inorganic chemical composition of bone?

Answer 3

Ca, P, Calcium Phosphate
Hydroxyapatites
Ossification (mineralization of fibers) by osteocytes

Question 4

How many bones are in the typical human adult body?

Answer 4

206

Question 5

What are the five bone shapes?

Answer 5

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and:
“Sesamoid” - old term for calcification of connective tissue such as the patella

Question 6

What is the epiphysis and where is it?

Answer 6

The end of a long bone

Question 7

What is the diaphysis and where is it?

Answer 7

The elongated “middle” of the bone