Chapter 5 Flashcards
What are the five functions of the Skin?
Protection
Temperature control
Removal of some wastes
Perception of stimuli
Protection against dehydration
What are the three major layers of the skin?
Epidermis: rapidly dividing cells. Outermost layer = dead and packed with keratin
Dermis: contains connective tissue, nerves, blood vessels, and glands
Hypodermis: contains fat. Acts as insulation and connective layer to the bones
What are Sebaceous Glands?
Secretes sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the hair shaft as it grows
What are sweat glands?
Secretes perspiration to skin surface. Sweat contains antibodies that inhibit bacteria growth near pores
What are arrector pili muscles?
Attached to a hair shaft - when contracted, causes shaft to be raised
What are sensory neurons in the skin?
Detect temperature, pain, and pressure stimuli.
What are the three sensory neurons in the skin?
Meissner’s corpuscles
Pacinian Corpuscles
Free nerve endings
What are hair follicles?
Contains cells that produce the hair and secrete keratin
What are melanocytes?
Cells found in the basal cell layer that produce melanin
What are the layers of the epidermis - superficial to deep?
Stratum corners
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinous
Basal layer
Which layer of the epidermis is Stratum Corneum and what is it?
The most superficial layer
Dead skin packed with keratin. “Armor.”
Which layer of the epidermis is Stratum Granulosum and what is it?
Deep to Stratum Corneum
Cells are dying and appear granular.
Which layer is Stratum Spinosum and what is it?
Deep to Stratum Granulosum
“Spiny layer”
Penetrates deeper layers and forms the ridges of fingerprints
Where does the Basal Layer lie and what is it?
Deep to Stratum Spinosum
Skin cells are rapidly reproducing in this layer. Contains melanocytes that produce pigment
What is most of the dermis made up of?
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
