Chapter 6 - Anatomy of Articulation and Resonation Flashcards

1
Q

vocal tract

A

-nasal passages, oral cavity, larynx

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2
Q

pharynx

A

-laryngopharynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx

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3
Q

phoneme production (source-filter theory)

A

sound source: larynx (voiced), constriction of tract (voiceless)
filter: vocal tract

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4
Q

articulation

A

joining structures together

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5
Q

articulators

A

mobile articulators, immobile articulators

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6
Q

mobile articulators (5)

A

mandible, lips, tongue, velum, vocal folds

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7
Q

immobile articulators (3)

A

maxillae, hard palate, alveolar ridge

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8
Q

bones of the face (6)

A

mandible, maxillae, nasal bones, palatine bones, vomer, zygomatic bone

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9
Q

mandible (6 features) - unpaired

A

ramus, coronoid process, condylar process, mylohyoid process, mental symphysis, alveolar process

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10
Q

microagnathia

A

small mandible, not enough room for tongue and floor of mouth

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11
Q

maxillae anterior (5 features)
- 2 parts fused in the middle

A

frontal process, infraorbital margin, zygomatic process, nasal crest, alveolar process

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12
Q

maxillae underneath 5 features

A

intermaxillary suture (where the maxillae fuse together), premaxilla-fused by the premaxillary suture, incisive foramen, palatine process,

canine fossa - on top of canine teeth,

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13
Q

cleft lip

A

-premaxillary suture fails to fuse (unilateral or bilateral)
-may or may not include alveolar process

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14
Q

SLP concerns with cleft lip

A

feeding/swallowing, articulation, resonance (not usually affected)

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15
Q

maxillary deficiency or maxillary hypoplasia

A

maxilla is underdeveloped

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16
Q

occlusion

A

upper and lower teeth into alignment

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17
Q

class I occlusion

A

normal orientation of mandible and maxillae

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18
Q

class II malocclusion

A

retracted mandible

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19
Q

class III malocclusion

A

advanced mandible

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20
Q

overbite vs overjet

A

overbite is vertical (whole lower teeth is covered)
overjet is horizontal (there’s a wide gap only)

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21
Q

parts of the nasal septum

A

vomer, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, septal cartilage (there’s also the nasal bone)

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22
Q

what bone forms the cheekbone?

A

zygomatic bone

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23
Q

what makes up the posterior wall of the nasal cavity?

A

perpendicular plate of the palatine bone

24
Q

what makes up the posterior quarter (1/4) of the hard palate?

A

horizontal plate of the palatine bone

25
Q

cause of cleft palate

A

genes and environment (smoking, diabetes, medications)

26
Q

surgical procedures of cleft palate (4)

A

-furlow palatoplasty
-pharyngeal flap
-pharyngeal wall augmentation
-sphincter pharyngoplasty

27
Q

furlow palatoplasty

A
  • double opposing z plasty
  • lengthens the velar tissue so it can make contact with the posterior pharyngeal wall
28
Q

pharyngeal flap

A
  • for VP insufficiency
  • midline
29
Q

pharyngeal wall augmentation

A

-bulge in the pharyngeal wall

30
Q

palatal lift

A

lifts up the palate cos it’s too weak

31
Q

palatal obsturator

A

to fill that little gap

32
Q

speech bulb

A

fills up nasopharyngeal space

33
Q

Velopharyngeal Dysfunction (general term)

A

-velopharyngeal valve doesn’t close

34
Q

Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

A

anatomical, abnormal structure aka too short

35
Q

Velopharyngeal Incompetence

A

physiological, function! muscle too weak etc

36
Q

Velopharyngeal mislearning

A

how theyre using is wrong

37
Q

SLP role in cleft lip and palate

A

evolves as the patient grows
infancy - swallowing
childhood, etc
evaluate effectiveness of surgery

38
Q

bones of the cranium (6)

A

frontal (unpaired), parietal (paired), occipital (unpaired), temporal (paired), ethmoid (unpaired) - core of skull, sphenoid (unpaired)

39
Q

four sections of temporal bone

A

squamous, tympanic, mastoid, petrous

40
Q

which cranial bone is the pterygoid plates located?

A

sphenoid bone

41
Q

what houses the cochlea and semicircular canals, the inner ear

A

it’s embedded in the petrous portion of temporal bone

42
Q

what are sinuses?

A

-air filled cavities
-lined with epithelial cells

43
Q

sinuses function

A

-produce mucus, drain nasal passages

44
Q

sinuses parts

A

-frontal sinus, sphenoid sinus, ethmoid sinus, maxillary sinus

45
Q

dentition

A

8 incisors, 4 cuspids, 8 bicuspids (premolars), 12 molars including wisdom teeth

(20 desiduous teeth)

46
Q

oral cavity boundaries

A

anterior: lips
posterior: faucial pillar (anterior and posterior)

47
Q

buccal cavity

A

space between teeth and cheeks

48
Q

nasal cavity

A

superior, middle, and inferior conchae

49
Q

eustachian tube

A

connects the nasopharynx with middle ear
equalizes pressure

50
Q

features of lips and nose

A

columella, philtrum, cupid’s bow

51
Q

innervation of face muscle

A

CN VII facial nerve

52
Q

elevates the upper lip

A

levator labii superioris, zygomatic minor, zygomatic major

53
Q

corners of the lip

A

orbicularis oris

54
Q

buccal cavity muscle

A

buccinator

55
Q

muscles for smiling

A

risorius

56
Q

bell’s palsy

A

CN VII