Chapter 3 Flashcards
Pressure
Force per unit area: F=PxA, pwedeng static (constant) or dynamic measurement (using speech)
Where can pressure be measured?
subglottic, supraglottic, transglottic
subglottic
below the glottis so there’s more pressure: lungs, trachea, esophagus
supraglottic
above the glottis so less pressure, intraoral pressure and nasal
transglottic
across the glottis so from below to above; it measures the PTP
what is PTP
phonation threshold pressure
what methods for subglottic pressure?
invasive: tracheostomy, noninvasive methods
non-invasive methods for subglottic pressure
U-tube manometer
spirometers
pneumotachograph
plethysmograph
what is u-tube manometer
measures the effects of the force of a person’s expiration, measures air pressure differences
what is a spirometer
measures respiratory volume/volume of air
pneumotachograph
measures rate of airflow, kaya there’s a turbine spinning
plethysmograph
measures changes in volume
phonation threshold pressure
the pressure that you need to get your VF to start vibrating
what measures transglottal pressure?
phonatory aerodynamic system
phonatory aerodynamic system
measures pressure, airflow and other things related to speech and voice production measures max expiratory pressure (how much can they build up)
what measures intraoral pressure during nonspeech
transducer, u-tube, spirometer, basta it measures expiratory pressure
volume
always measured in liters or milliliters
airflow
rate at which a volume of air moves through a plane, “volume velocity”
Lung volumes (4)
tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume
tidal volume (TV)
volume of air inhaled or volume of air exhaled during resting breathing
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
volume inhaled after TV
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
volume of air you can forcefully exhale after TV
residual volume (RV)
dead air, air left in lungs and airways after maximum exhalation
Lung capacities (4)
total lung capacity TLC, vital capacity VC, inspiratory capacity IC, functional residual capacity FRC
total lung capacity (TLC)
all volumes added together
Vital Capacity (VC)
maximum useable air, amount of air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation or vice versa
(IRV + TV + ERV)
Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
amount of air that can be inhaled after exhaling TV
IRV + TV
functional residual capacity
amount of air in the lungs and airway after tidal volume exhalation
ERV + RV
