Chapter 6

Question 1

Behavioural Coping

Answer 1

Physical activities used to deal with a stressful situation

Question 2

Behavioural Strains

Answer 2

Patterns of negative behaviours associated with other strains

Question 3

Benign Job Demands

Answer 3

Job demands that are not appraised as being useful

Question 4

Burnout

Answer 4

The emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion from coping with stressful demands on a continuing basis

Question 5

Challenge Stressors

Answer 5

stressful demands that are perceived as opportunities for learning, growth, and achievement

Question 6

Cognitive-behavioural techniques

Answer 6

Various practices that help workers cope with life’s stressors in a rational manner

Question 7

Cognitive Coping

Answer 7

Thoughts used to deal with a stressful situation

Question 8

Coping

Answer 8

Behaviours and thoughts used to manage stressful demands and the emotions associated with the stressful demands

Question 9

Daily Hassles

Answer 9

Minor day-to-day demands that interfere with work accomplishment

Question 10

Emotional Support

Answer 10

The empathy and understanding people receive from others that can be used to alleviate emotional distress from stressful demands

Question 11

Emotion-focused Coping

Answer 11

Behaviours and cognitions of an individual intended to help manage emotional reactions to the stressful demands

Question 12

Family time demands

Answer 12

The amount of time committed to fulfilling family responsibilities

Question 13

Financial Uncertainty

Answer 13

Uncertainty with regard to the potential for loss of livelihood, savings, or the ability to pay expenses

Question 14

Health and wellness programs

Answer 14

Employee assistance programs that help workers with personal problems such as alcoholism and other addictions

Question 15

Hindrance Stressors

Answer 15

stressful demands that are perceived as hindering progress toward personal accomplishments or goal attainment

Question 16

Instrumental Support

Answer 16

The help people receive from other that can be used to address a stressful demand directly

Question 17

Job sharing

Answer 17

Two people sharing the responsibilities of a single job

Question 18

Negative Life Events

Answer 18

Events such as divorce or death of a family member that tend to be appraised as a hindrance

Question 19

Personal Development

Answer 19

Participation in activities outside of work that foster growth and learning

Question 20

Physiological Strains

Answer 20

Reactions from stressors that harm the human body

Question 21

Positive Life Events

Answer 21

Events such as marriage or the birth of a child that tend to be appraised as a challenge

Question 22

Primary Appraisal

Answer 22

Evaluation of whether a demand is stressful and , if it is, the implication of the stressor in terms of personal goals and well-being

Question 23

Problem-focused Coping

Answer 23

Behaviours and cognitions of an individual intended to manage the stressful situation itself

Question 24

Psychological Strain

Answer 24

Negative psychological reactions from stressors such as depression, anxiety, and anger

Question 25

Relaxation Techniques

Answer 25

Calming activities to reduce stress

Question 26

Role Ambiguity

Answer 26

A lack of direction and information about what needs to be done in a role

Question 27

Role conflict

Answer 27

Others having differing expectations of what an individual needs to do in a role

Question 28

Role overload

Answer 28

An excess of demands on an employee preventing him or her from working effectively

Question 29

Secondary appraisal

Answer 29

When people determine how to cope with the various stressors they face

Question 30

Social Support

Answer 30

The help people receive from others when confronted with stressful demands

Question 31

Strains

Answer 31

Negative consequences of the stress response

Question 32

Stress

Answer 32

The psychological response to demands where there is something at stake for the individual, and when coping with these demands would tax or exceed the individual’s capacity or resources

Question 33

Stress Audit

Answer 33

An assessment of the sources of stress in the workplace

Question 34

Stressors

Answer 34

Demands that cause the stress response

Question 35

Supportive Practices

Answer 35

Ways in which organizations help employees manage and balance their demands

Question 36

Time Pressure

Answer 36

The sense that the amount of time allotted to do a job is not quite enough

Question 37

Training Interventions

Answer 37

Practices that increase employee’s competencies and skills

Question 38

Transactional Theory of Stress

Answer 38

A theory that explains how stressful demands are perceived and appraised, as well as how people respond to the perceptions of appraisals

Question 39

Type A Behaviour Pattern

Answer 39

A type of behaviour exhibited by people who tend to experience more stressors, to appraise more demands as stressful, and to be prone to experiencing more strains than most others

Question 40

Work Complexity

Answer 40

The degree to which job requirements tax or just exceed employee capabilities

Question 41

Work-family Conflict

Answer 41

A form of role conflict in which the demands of a work role hinder the fulfilment of the demands in a family role (or vice vera)

Question 42

Work Responsibility

Answer 42

The number and importance of the obligations an employee has to others

Question 43

Types of Work Hindrance Stressors

Answer 43

• role conflict
• role ambiguity
• role overload
• daily hassles

Question 44

Types of Work Challenge Stressors

Answer 44

• time pressure
• work complexity
• work responsibility

Question 45

Stress Management Techniques

Answer 45

• relaxation techniques
• cognitive-behavioural techniques
• health and wellness programs

Question 46

Eustress

Answer 46

Good stress

Question 47

Reframing

Answer 47

A way of viewing and experiencing events, ideas, concepts and emotions to find more positive alternatives

Question 48

4 Coping Strategies

Answer 48

1) Behavioural Coping
2) Cognitive Coping
3) Problem-focused Coping
4) Emotion-focused Coping