Chapter 6

Question 1

Posterior lobe of pituitary gland

Answer 1

-secreted ADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin

Question 2

Tropic hormones

Answer 2

Hormones that regulate other hormones

Question 3

Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)

Answer 3

Stimulates the anterior pituitary to release prolactin, mammary development

Question 4

Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH)

Answer 4

Dopamine, inhibits prolactin

Question 5

Thyrotropin releasing hormone

Answer 5

Release thyroid stimulating hormone, anterior pituitary. Regulate metabolism

Question 6

Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)

Answer 6

Release adrenocorticotropic hormone, stimulating glucocorticoids

Question 7

Growth hormone releasing

Answer 7

Regulate growth and energy metabolism

Stimulate liver to make insulin like growth factors
Stimulate bone and tissue growth

Question 8

Growth hormone Inhibiting

Answer 8

Somatostatin, inhibits secretion of growth hormone and pancreatic hormones

Regulate digestion and absorption in GI tract

Question 9

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

Answer 9

Release gonadotropin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone

Question 10

Short loop negative feedback

Answer 10

The inhibition of hypothalamic tropic hormones by the anterior pituitary tropic hormone

Question 11

Long loop negative feedback

Answer 11

The final hormone feeds back to hypothalamus to inhibit tropic hormone

Question 12

Pineal gland

Answer 12

Secretes melatonin, regulate sleep and enhances immune system function

Question 13

Thyroid gland

Answer 13

Secretes tetraiodothyronin(T4) triiodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin

Regulates metabolism, growth/dev

Question 14

Parathyroid

Answer 14

Secretes calcitonin to regulate calcium levels in blood

Stimulate D3 synthesis

Question 15

Thymus

Answer 15

Secrete thymosin which regulate T cell function (immune sys)

Question 16

Adrenal Glands

Answer 16

Outer Layer: Cortex
Inner Layer: Medulla
Above kidney suprarenal

Question 17

Adrenal Cortex 3 layers

Answer 17

1) Zona glomerulosa
2) Zona fasciulata
3) Zona reticularis

Secrets hormones call adrenocorticoids

Question 18

Adrenocortocoids

Answer 18

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)- Zona glomerusola, regulate sodium and potassium

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)-Zona fasciulata and reticularis, regulates lipid metabolism, protein, carbs, glucose and stress

Sex hormone (androgens)- Zona fasciulata and reticularis, reproduction

Question 19

Adrenal Medulla

Answer 19

Has chromaffin cells and secrete catecholamines; epinephrine nonepinephrine and dopamine

Question 20

Pancreas (islets of langerhans)

Answer 20

Secretes:
Insulin-beta B cells 2x
Glucagon- alpha A cells
Somatostatin- delta cells
Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 21

Gonads

Answer 21

Male: androgens, testosterone, and androstenedione
Females: Estradiol (estrogen and progesterone)

Placenta makes chronic gonadotropin (prep test)

Question 22

Secondary Endocrine Organs

Answer 22

Heart- atrial natriuretic peptide, regulate sodium reabsorption

Kidney- erythropoietin, blood synthesis

Digestive- gastric, secretin cholecystokinin

Liver- insulin like growth factors,tissue growth

Skin- produce vitamin D for calcium regulation

Question 23

Concentration of free hormone in blood 3 factors

Answer 23

• The rate of hormone secretion
• the amount of hormones transported bound to carrier proteins
• the rate at which the hormone is metabolized

Question 24

Input for hormone secretion

Answer 24

Neural signals

Humoral (blood)(ex. Stress)

Question 25

Additive

Answer 25

Net effect of hormone equals the sum of individual affects

Question 26

Synergistic

Answer 26

Net effect is greater that sum of individual hormones

Question 27

Permissiveness

Answer 27

when the presence of one hormone is needed for another hormone to act