Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior lobe of pituitary gland

A

-secreted ADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin

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2
Q

Tropic hormones

A

Hormones that regulate other hormones

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3
Q

Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)

A

Stimulates the anterior pituitary to release prolactin, mammary development

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4
Q

Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH)

A

Dopamine, inhibits prolactin

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5
Q

Thyrotropin releasing hormone

A

Release thyroid stimulating hormone, anterior pituitary. Regulate metabolism

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6
Q

Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)

A

Release adrenocorticotropic hormone, stimulating glucocorticoids

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7
Q

Growth hormone releasing

A

Regulate growth and energy metabolism

Stimulate liver to make insulin like growth factors
Stimulate bone and tissue growth

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8
Q

Growth hormone Inhibiting

A

Somatostatin, inhibits secretion of growth hormone and pancreatic hormones

Regulate digestion and absorption in GI tract

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9
Q

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

A

Release gonadotropin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone

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10
Q

Short loop negative feedback

A

The inhibition of hypothalamic tropic hormones by the anterior pituitary tropic hormone

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11
Q

Long loop negative feedback

A

The final hormone feeds back to hypothalamus to inhibit tropic hormone

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12
Q

Pineal gland

A

Secretes melatonin, regulate sleep and enhances immune system function

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13
Q

Thyroid gland

A

Secretes tetraiodothyronin(T4) triiodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin

Regulates metabolism, growth/dev

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14
Q

Parathyroid

A

Secretes calcitonin to regulate calcium levels in blood

Stimulate D3 synthesis

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15
Q

Thymus

A

Secrete thymosin which regulate T cell function (immune sys)

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16
Q

Adrenal Glands

A

Outer Layer: Cortex
Inner Layer: Medulla
Above kidney suprarenal

17
Q

Adrenal Cortex 3 layers

A

1) Zona glomerulosa
2) Zona fasciulata
3) Zona reticularis

Secrets hormones call adrenocorticoids

18
Q

Adrenocortocoids

A

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)- Zona glomerusola, regulate sodium and potassium

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)-Zona fasciulata and reticularis, regulates lipid metabolism, protein, carbs, glucose and stress

Sex hormone (androgens)- Zona fasciulata and reticularis, reproduction

19
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

Has chromaffin cells and secrete catecholamines; epinephrine nonepinephrine and dopamine

20
Q

Pancreas (islets of langerhans)

A
Secretes:
Insulin-beta B cells 2x
Glucagon- alpha A cells
Somatostatin- delta cells
Pancreatic polypeptide
21
Q

Gonads

A

Male: androgens, testosterone, and androstenedione
Females: Estradiol (estrogen and progesterone)

Placenta makes chronic gonadotropin (prep test)

22
Q

Secondary Endocrine Organs

A

Heart- atrial natriuretic peptide, regulate sodium reabsorption

Kidney- erythropoietin, blood synthesis

Digestive- gastric, secretin cholecystokinin

Liver- insulin like growth factors,tissue growth

Skin- produce vitamin D for calcium regulation

23
Q

Concentration of free hormone in blood 3 factors

A
  • The rate of hormone secretion
  • the amount of hormones transported bound to carrier proteins
  • the rate at which the hormone is metabolized
24
Q

Input for hormone secretion

A

Neural signals

Humoral (blood)(ex. Stress)

25
Additive
Net effect of hormone equals the sum of individual affects
26
Synergistic
Net effect is greater that sum of individual hormones
27
Permissiveness
when the presence of one hormone is needed for another hormone to act