Chapter 6 & 7

Question 1

Physical growth during the preschool years is characterised by

A. Discrete stages of growth
B. Plateaus
C. Smooth and predictable growth
D. Spurts

Answer 1

C. Smooth and predictable growth

Question 2

Philip’s mother is taller than the average woman her age. She is also taller than his father, who happens to be shorter than average for males of his age. Consequently, when he’s an adult, Philip will most likely be

A. about the same heights as his mother
B. Closer in height to his father
C. Near the average of both
D. Either around his mother or fathers height, no in between

Answer 2

C. Near the average of both

Question 3

Three-year-old Jessie refuses to eat anything other than peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. What should his mother do to get him to vary his diet?

A. Let him have it but also offer other foods
B. Offer what the family is eating only
C. Offer non-food reward for eating other foods
D. Tell him he can have one only after eating the other food

Answer 3

A. Let him have it but also offer other foods

Question 4

About what percentage of three-year-olds have night-time bladder control?

A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 90%

Answer 4

B. 50%

Question 5

Which of the following fine motor skills would NOT be found in a three-year-old?

A. doing simple jigsaw puzzles
B. Picking up small objects
C. Building a small tower of blocks
D. Folding a paper triangle accurately

Answer 5

D. Folding a paper triangle accurately

Question 6

Which of the following preschoolers is engaging in a fine motor activity?

A. The one dancing to a drum beat
B. The one zipping up her sweater
C. The one jumping on the trampoline
D. The one throwing pebbles into a lake

Answer 6

B. The one zipping up her sweater

Question 7

At about what age do children begin to show representational drawing?

A. 2 years
B. 3 years
C. 4 years
D. 5 years

Answer 7

C. 4 years

Question 8

Sally, who is three years of age, is unable to make judgments about right and wrong. She is in which stage of Piaget’s moral development?

A. Amoral stage
B. Immoral stage
C. Heteronomous stage
D. Autonomous stage

Answer 8

A. Amoral stage

Question 9

While playing in the woods behind his house, Ethan came in contact with poison ivy. After removing the affected clothing, what should his babysitter do to the affected skin?

A. Apply bicarb paste
B. Cover with vinegar
C. Use cold water and sterile bandage
D. Wash with alkali soap

Answer 9

D. Wash with alkali soap

Question 10

Stuart watched as his brother put on a Shrek costume for a dress-up party. As soon as his brother put on the mask, Stuart started to cry and ran to his mother, believing that his brother had become Shrek. Stuart has yet to master Piaget’s concept of

A. Identities
B. Functional relationships
C. Functional relationships
D. Symbolic thought

Answer 10

A. Identities

Question 11

Which of the following children is demonstrating knowledge of a true functional relationship?

A. The one whose knows the more clothing he puts on, the warmer he will be
B. The one who thinks it will rain because she got new boots
C. The one who makes believe the sofa is a stage
D. The one who hides his glasses under his bed and tell his mother that he lost them in the playground

Answer 11

A. The one whose knows the more clothing he puts on, the warmer he will be

Question 12

While playing in the sandpit, Tasha makes wet sand into flat disc shapes and says: ‘Blueberry pancakes are ready. Come and get them while they’re hot.’ Tasha is demonstrating

A. Theory of mind
B. egocentrism
C. Object permanence
D. Symbolic thought

Answer 12

D. Symbolic thought

Question 13

When Mark’s mother came to pick him up at the daycare centre, she found him sitting in the corner and crying. ‘What happened?’ asked his mother. ‘She hit me,’ Mark sobbed. Mark’s failure to identify who ‘she’ is demonstrates

A. egocentrism
B. Identity
C. Metacognition
D. Symbolic thought

Answer 13

A. egocentrism

Question 14

Three-year-old Natalie and her three older brothers are sorting toys for a garage sale. Which group of toys did Natalie sort all by herself?

A. four piles: Rubber toys, wooden toys, plastic toys and broken toys
B. Three piles: dolls that talk, dolls that walk and dolls that do both
C. Four piles: blue marbles, yellow marbles, green marbles and red marbles
D. Three piles: Male action figures, female action figures and robots

Answer 14

C. Four piles: blue marbles, yellow marbles, green marbles and red marbles

Question 15

A joke that schoolchildren like to tell goes as follows: Raymond goes to the pizza parlour and asks for a large pie. The counterman asks him: ‘Should I slice it into six pieces or eight pieces?’ Raymond thinks for a moment and then says: ‘Better make it eight, I’m very hungry.’ In order to understand this joke, a child would have to have mastered

A. Conservation
B. Functional relationships
C. Appearance-reality distinction
D. Cardinality

Answer 15

A. Conservation

Question 16

Eric is asked how many fingers the researcher is holding up. The researcher is holding up eight fingers. Eric counts: ‘One, two, three, four, seven, six, ten, nine.’ Then he says, ‘Ten fingers.’ His concept of number illustrates

A. Cardinality
B. Ordinality
C. Reversibility
D. One-to-one correspondence

Answer 16

D. One-to-one correspondence

Question 17

Which theorist believed that children were born with an innate language acquisition device?

A. Chomsky
B. Skinner
C. Vygotsky
D. Piaget

Answer 17

A. Chomsky

Question 18

Kevin knows that when he’s in the library he must whisper and not talk in his regular voice. Kevin’s knowledge is in the area of

A. generative rules
B. Pragmatics
C. Semantics
D. Syntactic rules

Answer 18

B. Pragmatics

Question 19

Three-year-old Johnny says: ‘Soon, everybody will goes in the car. Drive zoo. See tigers and lions, and monkeys, and deers. When daddy is coming?’ Which part of Johnny’s utterance would be considered telegraphic speech?

A. ‘deers’
B. ‘everybody will goes’
C. ‘drive zoo’
D. ‘when daddy is coming?’

Answer 19

C. ‘drive zoo’

telegraphic speech is characterised by two word utterances

Question 20

Little Sheila shows her mother a scratch and says, ‘Boo boo, fix.’ Which of the following would demonstrate a recasting response from Sheila’s mother?

A. “allright, we’ll fix the hurt
B. “its just an old scratch, it will heal”
C. “We don’t fix scratches, we help them heal”
D. “You have a boo boo you want mommy to make better?”

Answer 20

D. “You have a boo boo you want mommy to make better?”

Question 21

In individualist cultures the standards for rearing children are set by

A. Community
B. Government
C. Extended family
D. Parents

Answer 21

D. Parents

Question 22

Which parental childrearing style exerts a high degree of control but is also responsive to the child’s thoughts and feelings?

A. Authoritarian
B. Authoritative
C. Uninvolved
D. Permissive-indulgent

Answer 22

B. Authoritative

Question 23

Three-year-old Jacqueline’s paediatrician is preparing to give her a shot when Jacqueline bolts out of the examining room and hides behind the receptionist’s desk in the outer office. If her mother subscribes to the authoritarian style of childrearing, which of the following would she most likely do?

A. Acknowledge her feels, but gently guide her back to the examination room
B. Pick her up and carry her screaming back into the examination room
C. Promise to buy her new toys after she gets the shot
D. Take her home

Answer 23

B. Pick her up and carry her screaming back into the examination room

Question 24

Four-year-old Stevie is screaming in a restaurant because they don’t happen to have his favourite dish of chicken nuggets. His mother bribes the waiter to disguise the chef’s special chicken supreme to look like nuggets before serving it to Stevie. What style of childrearing does Stevie’s mother probably subscribe to?

A. Authoritarian
B. Authoritative
C. Uninvolved
D. Permissive-indulgent

Answer 24

D. Permissive-indulgent

Question 25

Five-year-old Ahmed is supposed to start kindergarten today but is crying that he doesn’t want to go. His mother, who is uninvolved, is most likely to

A. let him stay home as long as he doesn’t bother her
B. Listen to his feelings, reassure him but insist he go
C. Tell him its his choice, buy that she will buy him something if he does
D. Tell him to stop crying and make him go

Answer 25

A. let him stay home as long as he doesn’t bother her

Question 26

As an only child, Tara is more likely than children who have siblings to

A. Be spoiled
B. Do poorly academically
C. Score highly in achievement motivation
D. Have low self-esteem

Answer 26

C. Score highly in achievement motivation

Question 27

Which of the following would be considered an altruistic act?

A. sharing toys with a friend who always shares their toy
B. buying an ice cream for a boy who feel down
C. Friends taking turns to buy each other a burger
D. Giving part of an allowance to charity at parents insistence

Answer 27

B. buying an ice cream for a boy who feel down

Question 28

Which of the following is an example of relational aggression?

A. Accidentally tripping someone during a soccer game
B. Telling someone that someone else is spreading rumours about them
C. telling someone to meet somewhere in order to beat them up
D. getting into fights over whose turn it is to play a video game

Answer 28

B. Telling someone that someone else is spreading rumours about them

Question 29

Which aspect of children’s temperament has been found to correlate with problematic aggressive behaviour in middle childhood?

A. High self-esteem
B. Impulsiveness
C. Neuroticism
D. Optimism

Answer 29

B. Impulsiveness

Question 30

Even though he had repeatedly warned him not to touch his shaving cream, Mickey’s father catches him with an empty can and a room full of stuffed animals covered in shaving cream. What’s the best way for Mickey’s father to respond to this situation?

A. ignore the mess and send him to time out
B. Spank him to convey the seriousness of the situation
C. Yell at him
D. Tell him why it is upsetting and what is expected in future

Answer 30

D. Tell him why it is upsetting and what is expected in future

Question 31

Which activity would represent play that encourages the development of fine and gross motor coordination?

A. Reading a book out loud
B. Finger painting
C. Role playing with puppets
D. Simple memory card games

Answer 31

B. Finger painting

Question 32

Which of the following is a defining feature of play among children?

A. Intrinsic motivation
B. Reality-bound perspective
C. Product-oriented activity
D. Reliance on explicit rules

Answer 32

A. Intrinsic motivation

Question 33

Which of the following is the best example of play governed by implicit rules?

A. Playing soccer
B. Playing monopoly
C. Playing doctor
D. Playing hopscotch

Answer 33

C. Playing doctor

Question 34

According to social learning theory, one of the mechanisms through which play develops is

A. Catharsis
B. Rhythmic stereotypes
C. Imitation
D. Wish fulfilment

Answer 34

C. Imitation

Question 35

In their backyard, Harrison and Rhonda are playing at being Tarzan and Jane of the jungle. The type of cognitive play that they are engaged in is

A. Constructive play
B. Functional play
C. Pretend play
D. A game with rules

Answer 35

C. Pretend play

Question 36

Consider these activities: playing marbles, playing geography, and playing hide-and-seek. They are all forms of:

A. constructive play
B. Games with rules
C. Functional play
D. Pretend play

Answer 36

B. Games with rules

Question 37

At the beach, Stacy saw that Matt was building a structure out of sand. She sat down next to him and said: ‘I want to play too. Let’s build the tallest sandcastle ever.’ To which Matt replied, ‘It’ll be the best castle with a moat, and a drawbridge, and a cannon.’ Matt and Stacy are engaged in which of Parten’s social levels of play?

A. Associative play
B. Cooperative play
C. Onlooker play
D. Parallel play

Answer 37

A. Associative play

Question 38

Lawrence is three years old. As he progresses through the preschool years, his friendships will become more

A. dependant on shared activities
B. Focused on fantasy role playing
C. Likely to allow for differences and disagreements
D. Unstable

Answer 38

C. Likely to allow for differences and disagreements

Question 39

‘Are you a boy or a girl?’ Joe asked Melanie. ‘I’m a girl, now,’ said Melanie, ‘but when I grow up, I’m going to be a daddy.’ Melanie’s mistaken belief demonstrates that she has not yet achieved

A. gender preference
B. Gender-role stereotype
C. Gender constancy
D. Gender identity

Answer 39

C. Gender constancy

Question 40

Which of the following children has a risk factor for being abused?

A. A hyperactive child
B. An only child
C. A chid who was born late
D. A child with a slow-to-warm-up temperament

Answer 40

A. A hyperactive child