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Developmental Psychology > Chapter 10 & 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 & 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

As a male, Dylan can expect to reach his growth spurt peak at ages ____, whereas his sister, Selma, can expect to reach her growth spurt peak at about ages ____.

A.Thirteen to sixteen; eleven to fourteen
B. Eleven to fourteen; thirteen to sixteen
C. Twelve to sixteen; ten to fourteen
D. Nine to twelve; nine to thirteen

A

C. Twelve to sixteen; ten to fourteen

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2
Q

During the adolescent growth spurt, males’ total percentage of body fat ____ and females’ total percentage of body fat ____.

A. Decreases; decreases
B. Decreases; increases
C. Increases; decreases
D. Increases;increases

A

B. Decreases; increases

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3
Q

Daisy is experiencing her first menstrual period. Consequently, she is likely to

A. Be first able to conceive a child
B. Develop breast ‘buds’
C. Experience a change in her voice toward a high pitch
D. Grow her first pubic and auxiliary hair

A

A. Be first able to conceive a child

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4
Q

One difference between testosterone and oestrogen is that

A. Oestrogen affects the strength of sex drive in females; testosterone in males
B. Only testosterone stimulates the subcutaneous fat deposits in both sexes
C. Only testosterone stimulates muscle and bone growth in both sexes
D. Testosterone is only present in males and oestrogen is only present in females

A

C. Only testosterone stimulates muscle and bone growth in both sexes

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5
Q

Dennis is an early-maturing male. According to the current research on the psychological impact of the timing of puberty, how will he fare compared to his male peers?

A. He will exhibit more academic success
B. he will be more impulsive
C. He will be more rigid
D. He will have higher self-esteem

A

B. he will be more impulsive

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6
Q

Teenagers engage in behaviours that pose serious risks to their health, NOT including:

A. Substance abuse
B. Risky sexual behaviour
C. Safely operating a motor vehicle
D. Poor diet

A

C. Safely operating a motor vehicle

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7
Q

Which represents the rate of sexually transmitted infections found in sexually active adolescent populations?

A. 1 in 4
B. 1 in 3
C. 1 in 2
D. 1 in 5

A

A. 1 in 4

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8
Q

Most commonly used substances in adolescence (in order of use) are

A. cannabis, tobacco, alcohol
B. Alcohol, tobacco, cannabis
C. Tobacco, alcohol, cannabis
D. Tobacco, cannabis, alcohol

A

B. Alcohol, tobacco, cannabis

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9
Q

Lucy is an anorexic. Accordingly, she probably displays which of the following behavioural characteristics?

A. High levels of self-efficacy
B. Perfectionism
C. Sexual seductiveness
D. Sociability

A

B. Perfectionism

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10
Q

Compared to a concrete operational child, a formal operational thinker tends to

A. Approach problems haphazardly
B. Hold and combine several ideas in their mind at once
C. Latch onto a single solution or reason
D. Rely on memory of past experiences when solving problems

A

B. Hold and combine several ideas in their mind at once

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11
Q

Cassandra has reached Kohlberg’s highest stage of moral development; she now bases her decisions on

A. Society’s rule and regulations
B. Individual human rights
C. The universal principles in which she believes
D. Ethics of market exchange

A

C. The universal principles in which she believes

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12
Q

After escorting Mark and Lead to the hospital, where Lead gave birth to a boy, Officer Davis gave Mark a ticket for not coming to a complete stop at a stop sign prior to the time she escorted them. Officer Davis is functioning at Kohlberg’s

A. Stage 1
B. Stage 3
C. Stage 4
D. Stage 5

A

C. Stage 4

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13
Q

Nellie is protesting against the recent discussion of enacting the death penalty in her home state. She feels that it is immoral for the government to decide who should live and who should die. Nellie is functioning at Kohlberg’s ____ level.

A. concrete
B. Conventional
C. Postconventional
D. Preconventional

A

C. Postconventional

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14
Q

Four girls volunteer to deliver meals to homebound elderly people. According to their motives, which one of the girls is at Carol Gilligan’s Stage 3 of moral development?

A. The one doing it for school credit
B. The one doing it because of hearing a handsome speaker talk about it
C. The one doing it to make her parents proud
D. The one doing it to feel good and help others

A

D. The one doing it to feel good and help others

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15
Q

Jeremy’s parents complain that he often reads while listening to loud music. Jeremy is engaging in which of the following?

A. Sustained attention
B. Divided attention
C. Subversive attention
D. Selective attention

A

B. Divided attention

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16
Q

Nicole’s reflective character aids her in social studies lessons focusing on indigenous populations. Which element of critical thinking is Nicole exhibiting?

A. Basic operations of reasoning
B. Domain-specific knowledge
C. Metacognitive knowledge
D. Values, beliefs and dispositions

A

D. Values, beliefs and dispositions

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17
Q

Because Xavier is an expert chess player, compared to a novice player, he probably

A. Has more developed cognitive structure overall
B. Is better at math
C. is a more creative player
D. Remembers many more strategies

A

D. Remembers many more strategies

18
Q

Fifteen-year-old Jack is beginning to use more scientific reasoning. His thinking best reflects what characteristic of formal operational thought?

A. Hypothetico-inductive reasoning
B. Hypothetico-deductive reasoning
C. Propositional reasoning
D. Scaffolding

A

B. Hypothetico-deductive reasoning

19
Q

Ms. Benjamin wants her students to stage a mock parliamentary debate. First, she assigns students, by pairs, to research a particular political issue. Which element of critical thinking does the research involve?

A. Basic operations of reasoning
B. Domain-specific knowledge
C. Metacognitive knowledge
D. Values, beliefs and dispositions

A

B. Domain-specific knowledge

20
Q

John is able to think about events that have not occurred. In which stage of cognitive development is he?

A. Formal operations
B. Sensorimotor operations
C. Postformal operations
D. Concrete operations

A

A. Formal operations

21
Q

According to Erikson, the period of developmental suspension between the security and certainties of childhood and the unknown of the adult world is called

A. Egocentrism
B. Psychological moratorium
C. Identification
D. Formal operations

A

B. Psychological moratorium

22
Q

Bruce has changed his major three times in the last year and is thinking about changing it again. He’s feeling anxious about his lack of direction but doesn’t seem to really know what he wants to do just yet. Bruce’s identity status is

A. Foreclosure
B. Moratorium
C. Negative identity
D. Identity diffusion

A

B. Moratorium

Identity with crisis but without commitment

23
Q

Kathy was torn between getting a job at a newspaper and going to college to study English literature. After weighing all the options, she finally has a sense of direction and decides to go to college. Kathy’s identity status is most likely

A. Foreclosure
B. Moratorium
C. Identity achieved
D. Identity diffusion

A

C. Identity achieved

both crisis and commitment

24
Q

Jack, who thinks of himself as a real ‘softie’, pretends that he’s tough and unfeeling whenever he’s with the guys from the rugby team. With his other friends, Jack pretends that he’s politically conservative even though, in reality, he thinks of himself as a liberal. Because Jack engages in these false-self behaviours as a way to experiment with different roles, it’s likely that he

A. Is not happy with his true self
B. Is psychologically healthy
C. Is unable to distinguish between his false selves and his true self
D. Has high levels of positive support from his parents

A

B. Is psychologically healthy

25
Q

Identity diffusion represents a(n)

A. Failure to achieve a stable identity
B. Identity that is based on parental goals
C. Identity that is based on a false self
D. Temporary postponement of adult commitments

A

A. Failure to achieve a stable identity

26
Q

Steven, who has worked at the post office in a dead-end job, would rather sit around all day and play the guitar (for which his talent is limited). Nothing else seems to interest him. Erikson would say that Steve personifies the form of identity diffusion called

A. Diffusion of time perspective
B. Diffusion of industry
C. Diffusion of responsibility
D. Avoidance of closeness

A

B. Diffusion of industry

27
Q

Michael refuses to attend school because he is experiencing a particularly bad case of acne breakout and insists that everyone will be looking at his face. Michael is concerned with the

A. Personal fable
B. False self
C. Reputational crowds
D. Imaginary audience

A

D. Imaginary audience

28
Q

At their high school graduation, four girls were discussing their future plans. Which one of them appears to be in moratorium as far as identity is concerned?

A. The one looking forward to her job at a real estate firm
B. The one becoming a hairstylist
C. The one becoming a wife and mother
D. The one going to university without a clear career choice

A

D. The one going to university without a clear career choice

29
Q

Ever since he was five years old, his father had been telling Eddie that some day he would come to work with him in his furniture store. But when he finished high school, Eddie told his father that he decided to go to culinary school and become a chef instead. Eddie’s identity status is

A. Foreclosure
B. Identity-achieved
C. Identity-diffused
D. Moratorium

A

B. Identity-achieved

30
Q

As a typical teenager, Vanessa is more likely to go to her parents than to her peers for advice on

A. what dress to wear to the formal
B. Which boys to date
C. What music to buy
D. Which foreign language to study in high school

A

D. Which foreign language to study in high school

31
Q

Australian teenagers believe they should be allowed to drink alcohol at age __________, whereas their parents believe the legal age of __________ is appropriate.

A. 16; 18
B. 15; 19
C. 16.5; 21
D. 16.5; 18

A

D. 16.5; 18

32
Q

Now that he’s fifteen, John’s relationships with friends are more likely to be __________ than they were when he was ten.

A. Based on shared activities
B. Casual
C. Complementary
D. Parallel

A

C. Complementary

33
Q

Compared to adolescent girls, adolescent boys are more likely to __________ same-sex friends.

A. Have close, intimate friendships with
B. Have a large number of
C. Spend greater amounts of time with
D. Spend more time thinking about

A

B. Have a large number of

34
Q

Lisa belongs to a clique, whereas her twin, Rona, belongs to a crowd. Accordingly, which of the following is most likely to be true?

A. Rona’s group is more cohesive
B. Lisa’s group is more likely to include boys
C. Lisa’s group is larger
D. Lisa’s group is more likely to promote secure feelings

A

D. Lisa’s group is more likely to promote secure feelings

35
Q

When asked to report the reason for their first intercourse, women were more likely than men to say that they

A. wanted to ‘score’
B. were pressured into it
C. were curious
D. were sexually aroused

A

B. were pressured into it

36
Q

Pete is a gang member; he is likely to receive all of the following from the gang except

A. Social support
B. Economic support
C. Educational support
D. Surrogate family

A

C. Educational support

37
Q

The belief that an adolescent can exist within two cultures and can take on a dual identity is best supported by the

A. Pluralistic society model
B. Cultural accommodation model
C. Cultural assimilation model
D. Bicultural model

A

D. Bicultural model

38
Q

Which of the following is NOT considered a barrier to contraceptive use in teens?

A. Laziness
B. Availability
C. Perceived messiness
D. Pleasure reduction

A

B. Availability

39
Q

What is the likelihood that teenagers in Australasia will use some form of contraception the first time they have sex?

A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%

A

D. 75%

40
Q

Which of the following describes a complementary relationship?

A. Friends that like the same video game and junk foods
B. Friends that have different personalities but the same taste in music
C. Friends that help each other achieve in their respective strong subjects
D. Friends that hang around because one likes being ‘hero-worshipped’

A

B. Friends that have different personalities but the same taste in music

Developmental Psychology (10 decks)

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