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Chem 101 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

acid anhydride

A

a nonmetal oxide that reacts with water to form an acid

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2
Q

acidic oxide

A

a nonmetal oxide that reacts with water to form an acid

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3
Q

actinides

A

Elements 90 through 103 (after actinium)

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4
Q

Amphoteric oxide

A

an oxide that shows some acidic and some basic properties

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5
Q

amphoterism

A

the ability of a substance to react with both acids and bases

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6
Q

Atomic radius

A

the radius of an atom

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7
Q

basic anhydride

A

a metal oxide that reacts with water to form a base

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8
Q

basic oxide

A

a metal oxide that reacts with water to from a base

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9
Q

catalyst

A

a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without itself being consumed in the reaction

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10
Q

combustion reaction

A

the reaction of a substance with oxygen in a highly exothermic reaction, usually with a visible flame

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11
Q

d-transition elements (metals)

A

The B group elements in the periodic table,; sometimes called simply transition elements

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12
Q

Effective nuclear charge (Zeff)

A

The nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electrons of an atom; the actual nuclear charge minus the effects of shielding due to inner shell electrons

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13
Q

electron affinity

A

The amount of energy absorbed in the process in which an electron is added to a neutral isolated gaseous atom to form a gaseous ion with a 1- charge; has a negative value if energy is released

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14
Q

electronegativity

A

a measure of the relative tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when chemically combined with another atom

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15
Q

f-transition elements (metals)

A

Elements 58 through 70 and 90 through 103; also called inner transition elements (metals)

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16
Q

hydride

A

a binary compound of hydrogen

17
Q

inner transition elements

A

Elements 58 through 70 and 90 through 103; also called inner transition elements (metals)

18
Q

ionic hydride

A

an ionic compound that contains the hydride ion, H-.

19
Q

ionic radius

A

the radius of an ion

20
Q

ionization energy

A

the amount of energy required to remove the most loosely held electron of an isolated gaseous atom or ion

21
Q

isoelectronic

A

having the same number of electrons

22
Q

lanthanides

A

elements 58-71 (after lanthanum)

23
Q

molecular hydride

A

a compound in which hydrogen shares electrons with an atom of another nonmetal

24
Q

noble gas configuration

A

the stable electron configuration of a noble gas

25
Q

noble gases

A

elements of periodic group VIIIA; also called rare gases; formerly called inert gases

26
Q

normal oxide

A

a metal oxide containing the oxide ion, O2- (oxygen in the -2 oxidation state)

27
Q

angstrom (Å)

A

10-10 meter, 10-1 nm, or 100 pm

28
Q

Oxide

A

A binary compound of oxygen

29
Q

Periodicity

A

Regular periodic variations of properties of elements with atomic number and position in the periodic table

30
Q

Periodic law

A

The properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers

31
Q

Peroxide

A

A compound containing oxygen in the -1 oxidation state. Metal peroxides contain the peroxide ion, O22-

32
Q

Radical

A

A species containing one or more unpaired electrons; many radicals are very reactive

33
Q

Representative elements

A

The A group elements in the periodic table

34
Q

Roasting

A

Heating an ore of an element in the presence of air

35
Q

Shielding effect

A

Electrons in filled sets of s and p orbitals between the nucleus and outer shell electrons shield the outer shell electrons somewhat from the effect of protons in the nucleus; also called screening effect

36
Q

Superoxide

A

A compound containing the superoxide ion, O2- (oxygen in the -1/2 oxidation state)

37
Q

ternary acid

A

an acid containing three lements: H, O, and (usually) another nonmetal

Chem 101 (13 decks)

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