Chapter 10 Flashcards
(36 cards)
Acid (Arrhenius or Brønsted-Lowry)
A substance that produces H+ (aq) ions in aqueous solution. Strong acids ionize completely or almost completely in dilute aqueous solution; weak acids ionize only slightly
Acid anhydride
The oxide of a nonmetal that reacts with water to form an acid
Acidic salt
A salt that contains an ionizable hydrogen atom; does not necessaarily produce acidic solutions
amphiprotism
The ability of a substance to exhibit amphoterism by accepting or donating protons
Amphoterism
Ability of a substance to act as either an acid or a base
Anhydrous
without water
Autoionization
An ionization reaction between identical molecules
Base (arrhenius)
A substance that produces OH- (aq) ions in aqueous solution. Strong bases are soluble in water and are completely dissociated. Weak bases ionize only slightly.
Basic anhydride
The oxide of a metal that reacts with water to form a base
Basic salt
A salt containing a basic OH group
Brønsted-Lowry acid
A proton donor
Brønsted-Lowry base
A proton acceptor
Conjugate acid-base pair
In Brønsted-Lowry terminology, a reactant and product that differ by a proton, H+
Coordinate covalent bond
A covalent bond in which both shared electrons are furnished by the same species; the bond between a Lewis acid and a Lewis base
Dissociation
In aqueous solution, the process in which a solid ionic compound separates into its ions
Electrolyte
A substance wose aqueous solutions conduct electricity
Formula unit equation
A chemical equation in which all compounds are represented by complete formulas
Hydride
A binary compound of hydrogen
Hydronium ion
H3O+, the usual representeation of the hydrated hydrogen ion
Ionization
In aqueous solution, the process in which a molecular compound reacts with water to form ions
Leveling effect
The effect by which all acids tronger than the acid that is characteristic of the solvent react with teh solvent to produce that acid; a similar statement applies to bases. The strongest acid (base) that can exist in a given solvent is the acid (base) charactersitic of that solvent
Lewis acid
Any species that can accept a share in an electron pair to form a coordinate covalent bond
Lewis base
Any species that can make available a share in an electron pair to form a coordinate covalent bond
Net ionic equation
The equation that results from canceling spectator ions and eliminating brackets from a total ionic equation