Chapter 6 Flashcards
The earliest long-distance traders in the Sogdiana area were the
Ferghnaese
General Zhang Jian is credited with introducing what to China?
Alfalfa and wine grapes
Turkish nomads were noted to live in what form of dwelling?
portable felt huts
The mariners involved in the Indian Ocean trade were
a multilingual and multiethnic group
The Indian Ocean Maritime System forged economic and social ties between
East Africa, Arabia, India, China, and Southeast Asia
Ships in the Indian Ocean Maritime System were better prepared for long-distance travel than the Greeks because
they could take advantage of monsoon winds to drive their ships
One difference between Indian Ocean and Mediterranean seafaring was that
Mediterranean seamen rarely sailed far from shore
A significant difference between ships of the Indian Ocean and those of the Mediterranean was
triangular lanteen sails, bitumen calk of boat bottoms, rare use of oars, and pierced planks tied together.
The early inhabitants of the East African island of Madagascar came from
the islands of Southeast Asia
Why was maritime trade better in Southeast Asia than in Western Asia?
Ports had better access to freshwater and could sustain a permanent settlement
Family life in the Indian Ocean coastal areas was considered more cosmopolitan because
blended families were bicultural and bilingual
The best primary evidence of early Saharan history consists of
a vast number of rock paintings and engravings
Which animal was most important to Saharan transportation?
camels
What natural resource provided the incentive to trade for southern Saharan dwellers?
salt
The most convincing evidence indicates that camels were introduced to the Sahara from
Arabia
The agricultural area bordering the Sahara Desert is called the Sahel, which in Arabic literally means
prarie and plains
The importance of trans-Saharan trade was that it
connected North and South Africa.
The savannah region of Africa was characterized by
long grasses and scattered forests
Africa is the home to approximate how many languages, emphasixing its diversity?
250
The most important African network of cultural exchange can be described as
mainly internal folk migrations within sub-Saharan Africa
According to a theory for explaining cultural unity in the sub-Saharan areas, populations moved into the Sahel because of
climate change
The development of metallurgy in Africa involved
iron
Most sub-Saharan languages come from one giant linguistic family, called
bantu
An example used in the text that demonstrated the transfer of practices between civilizations was
use of dye-cat cpoms
one of the greatest promoters of Buddhism was
King Ashoka of India
Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam all spread
without dependency on a single ethnic or kinship group
The silk road and Indian Ocean trade fostered the spread of which religion?
Buddhism
What facilitated the spread of Christianity to Armenia?
The invention of an Armenian alphabet
The head of the Ethiopian Christian church is
the patriarch of Alexandria
What are the reasons for fostering expansion and prosperity in the post-Mauryan era?
the growth of crafts, the increased use of coins, powerful guilds, increased long distance trade
The major reason the Mauryan Empire collapsed was
the nonmaterialist part of Buddhism as espoused by Ashoka,whoch caused economic collapse
The three Tamil kingdoms were known for which intellectual output?
an academy of over 500 authors
What was the greatest advantage of the Gupta Empire army?
a well armed cavalry
Why is the Gupta Empire described as a “theater state”?
The splendor and ceremonies of cour advertised the benefits of the empire
One of the most important contributions made by Gupta intellectuals was the
concept of zero
A significant factor in extending Gupta power structures was
a close alliance with the Brahmins in exchange for land
The classical form of the Hindu temple emerged in what era?
Gupta
During the Gupta period, India developed an extensive land and sea tradin network by exporting what products?
cotton cloth, ivory, and metalwork
Why did the Gupta empire collapse in 550 CE?
They were invented by the Huns of Central Asia
Southeast Asia first rose to prominence because
it was an intermediary in regional trade
Southeast Asia is described as a “geologically active zone,” meaning that
the islands are the tops of a chain of volcanoes
Which of the following are not among the plant and animal species that thrive in Southeast Asia?
Wheat and water buffalo
Which fo the following were not among the imporesssive navigational skills developed by the Malay people?
the astrolabe
Most of Southeast Asia’s early commerce was conducted with
India and China
The first major Southeat Asian center, Funan, dominated what key location for trade?
The Isthmus of Kra
The Srivijayan kingdom was well situated to
control vital passageways for shipping
The srivijayan king presented himself as a bodhisattva, or
someone who had achieved enlightenment and would share his wisdom with the people
The most important cultural influences on Southeast Asia kingdoms came from
India
