Chapter 4

Question 1

Irrigation in Iran was different than other areas because of the large desert plain. How did they compensate for this?

Answer 1

Vertical shafts provided access to underground irrigation

Question 2

The most important trade items in ancient Iran were

Answer 2

minerals, textiles , and carpets

Question 3

The king responsible for unifying Iran was

Answer 3

Cyrus

Question 4

Early Iranian social organization was

Answer 4

patriarchal

Question 5

Cyrus and his son ruled their empire by following a practical approach of

Answer 5

respecting local priests and native traditions

Question 6

The persian provinces were administered by

Answer 6

satraps or hereditary provincial governors

Question 7

Under Darius’s legal system, subject peoples in Persian territories were

Answer 7

still allowed to live under their own laws

Question 8

Darius established the administrative center of his empire in

Answer 8

Susa

Question 9

Which of the following is not a tenet of Zoroastrianism?

Answer 9

belief in reincarnation of the dead

Question 10

Although Greece is described as “resource poor” in the chapter, it economically prospered

Answer 10

through access to foreign sources, markets, and ideas

Question 11

What grew well in the dry environment of Greece?

Answer 11

Olive trees, grape vines, and barley

Question 12

Greece was organizined into city-staes called

Answer 12

poleis

Question 13

Despite the adoption of their alphabet system from the Phonecians, literacy in Greece

Answer 13

remained elusive for several centuries, replying on oral traditions

Question 14

After emergence from the Dark Ages, the population of Greece increased as much as five-fold. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the population increase?

Answer 14

dramatic increases in agriculture needed more labor sources

Question 15

The Greek Dark Age was a period of

Answer 15

poverty, isolation, and depopulation

Question 16

The Archaic period in Greece begace

Answer 16

because of nevewed contacts with Phoenicia

Question 17

Which of the folllowing is not a characteristic of the recovery of the Arhchaic period?

Answer 17

the cure of various infectious diseases

Question 18

Greek poleis or city-staes developed because of

Answer 18

Greek geography, especially mountains, which separated populations

Question 19

Close-formed ranks of soldiers, called up in timse of war, were called

Answer 19

hoplites

Question 20

Coins were significant in all of the following ways except

Answer 20

they were used to pay the professional soldiers

Question 21

Once of the prime benefits of colonizaiton around the Mediterranean for the greeks was

Answer 21

alleviation of surplus population

Question 22

The emerging middle class in Greece were constituted by which the following people

Answer 22

craftsmen and merchants

Question 23

An oligarchy is a society in which

Answer 23

the wealthy members of society have political power

Question 24

The Greek concept of democracy included political population participation by

Answer 24

all free, native-born, adult males

Question 25

The Greek gods and goddesses were seen as

Answer 25

superhuman and immortal, but otherwise anthropomorphic

Question 26

The Greeks believed that their gods gave advice through

Answer 26

oracles

Question 27

The Archaic Greek delvelopment of humanism, a lasting feature of Western civilization, was

Answer 27

a valuing of the uniqueness, rights, and talents of individuals

Question 28

Greek philosphers emphasized which perspective of viewing the world?

Answer 28

raitonal explanations for the world aorund them rather than reliance on the supernaturals

Question 29

An example of the sophistication of the Greek thinkers was the development of the theory that the world is composed of

Answer 29

atoms

Question 30

The father of history in the Western tradition is

Answer 30

Herodotus

Question 31

Sparta became a high militarized society primarily because

Answer 31

they feared an uprising by the helots

Question 32

Spartan foreign policy was

Answer 32

cautious and isolated

Question 33

What can be considered the symbol of Athenian naval success?

Answer 33

the trireme

Question 34

The Persians defeat in the wars with Greece was due to all the following except

Answer 34

domestic political turmoil

Question 35

The three great Greek classical philosophers are

Answer 35

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle

Question 36

The transition to a literary, rather than orally based culture is notable in the works of

Answer 36

Plato

Question 37

How does the Peloponnesian war reveal an inherent flaw in Greek society

Answer 37

The independent poleis fostered rivalry and mistrust of my neighbors

Question 38

The staple drink of both the elite and common people in the ancient world was

Answer 38

beer

Question 39

Philip II planned to invade which area before his untimely death?

Answer 39

Persia