Chapter 4 Flashcards
Irrigation in Iran was different than other areas because of the large desert plain. How did they compensate for this?
Vertical shafts provided access to underground irrigation
The most important trade items in ancient Iran were
minerals, textiles , and carpets
The king responsible for unifying Iran was
Cyrus
Early Iranian social organization was
patriarchal
Cyrus and his son ruled their empire by following a practical approach of
respecting local priests and native traditions
The persian provinces were administered by
satraps or hereditary provincial governors
Under Darius’s legal system, subject peoples in Persian territories were
still allowed to live under their own laws
Darius established the administrative center of his empire in
Susa
Which of the following is not a tenet of Zoroastrianism?
belief in reincarnation of the dead
Although Greece is described as “resource poor” in the chapter, it economically prospered
through access to foreign sources, markets, and ideas
What grew well in the dry environment of Greece?
Olive trees, grape vines, and barley
Greece was organizined into city-staes called
poleis
Despite the adoption of their alphabet system from the Phonecians, literacy in Greece
remained elusive for several centuries, replying on oral traditions
After emergence from the Dark Ages, the population of Greece increased as much as five-fold. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the population increase?
dramatic increases in agriculture needed more labor sources
The Greek Dark Age was a period of
poverty, isolation, and depopulation
The Archaic period in Greece begace
because of nevewed contacts with Phoenicia
Which of the folllowing is not a characteristic of the recovery of the Arhchaic period?
the cure of various infectious diseases
Greek poleis or city-staes developed because of
Greek geography, especially mountains, which separated populations
Close-formed ranks of soldiers, called up in timse of war, were called
hoplites
Coins were significant in all of the following ways except
they were used to pay the professional soldiers
Once of the prime benefits of colonizaiton around the Mediterranean for the greeks was
alleviation of surplus population
The emerging middle class in Greece were constituted by which the following people
craftsmen and merchants
An oligarchy is a society in which
the wealthy members of society have political power
The Greek concept of democracy included political population participation by
all free, native-born, adult males
The Greek gods and goddesses were seen as
superhuman and immortal, but otherwise anthropomorphic
The Greeks believed that their gods gave advice through
oracles
The Archaic Greek delvelopment of humanism, a lasting feature of Western civilization, was
a valuing of the uniqueness, rights, and talents of individuals
Greek philosphers emphasized which perspective of viewing the world?
raitonal explanations for the world aorund them rather than reliance on the supernaturals
An example of the sophistication of the Greek thinkers was the development of the theory that the world is composed of
atoms
The father of history in the Western tradition is
Herodotus
Sparta became a high militarized society primarily because
they feared an uprising by the helots
Spartan foreign policy was
cautious and isolated
What can be considered the symbol of Athenian naval success?
the trireme
The Persians defeat in the wars with Greece was due to all the following except
domestic political turmoil
The three great Greek classical philosophers are
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
The transition to a literary, rather than orally based culture is notable in the works of
Plato
How does the Peloponnesian war reveal an inherent flaw in Greek society
The independent poleis fostered rivalry and mistrust of my neighbors
The staple drink of both the elite and common people in the ancient world was
beer
Philip II planned to invade which area before his untimely death?
Persia
