Chapter 6 Flashcards
Your blank (sometimes called the processor) is the brain of the computer – it does most of the computer’s actual computing
CPU
This CPU type originated with Intel’s 8086 CPU, but the first model is capable of running Linux was the 80386 (also known as 386)
x86
Other names for this architecture include AMD64, x64, and EM64T.
x86-64
The Intel line of processors that is the cheapest CPU, offers low end speed and processing performance
i3
The Intel line of processors that is the mid-range CPU, offers medium speed and processing performance as well as a medium-level price
i5
The Intel line of processors that is the high-end CPU, offers advanced speeds and processing performances but as a higher price
i7
The blank processor was introduced in 1985 but has just recently taken off as the main processor in small devices, such as tablets and embedded computer systems.
Advanced RISC Machine (ARM)
This CPU, created as a cooperative effort of Apple, IBM, and Motorola, was Apple’s CPU of choice between 1994 and 2006.
PowerPC
Intel created blank or IA-64, architecture as a 64-bit replacement for the x86 line, but it gained little market penetration except in the server field
Itanium
Many CPUS today are blank. These CPUS package the circuitry for two or more CPUs into one unit.
multicore models
Typing blank displays basic information on the kernel and the CPU
uname -a
The blank command returns additional information on about 20 lines of output. Much of this is highly technical, such as the sizes of caches the CPU supports
lscpu
The blank command returns still more information than lscpu.
cat /proc/cpuinfo
If the CPU is the computer brain, the blank is the rest of the computer’s central nervous system, which is a large circuit board inside the computer.
motherboard
The motherboard is dominated by a blank, which is one or more chips that provide key functionality for the computer
chipset
In addition to the chipset, motherboards include plug-in interfaces for these 6 key components
1) One or more slots for the computer’s CPU
2) Slots for Random Access Memory (RAM)
3) Slots for plug-in Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) or other cards
4) Connectors for internal hard disks, such as the Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) interface
5) Back-Panel connectors that provide external interfaces for USB devices, keyboards, and monitors. and so on
6) Connectors for additional external devices, such as front-panel USB plugs
Whether the feature is provided by the main of secondary chipset, you can learn about most of the motherboard’s features by using the blank command
lspci
A computer’s power supply takes the blank power from a wall outlet and converts it to the blank that your motherboard and everything you plug into it uses
alternating current (AC)
direct current (DC)
Today, what three disk interfaces are common
PATA
SATA
NVMe
This disk interface was very common in the past, but it’s fading in popularity. It features wide 40- and 80- pin cables that transfer several bits of data simultaneously
PATA
In 2003, a serial version of the ATA protocol was created.
SATA
The blank interface was designed specifically to support SSD drive storage standards
Non-volatile Memory Express (NVMe)
You can think of a hard disk as a set of blank, each of which holds a small amount of data - normally 512 bytes. The disk hardware itself does little to help organize data on the disk, aside from providing a means to read and write specific blanks.
sectors
Blank exist to help subdivide the disk into pieces with broadly different purposes (like different OSs or for different types of data in the OS)
Disk partitions
