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Linux Foundations > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Your blank (sometimes called the processor) is the brain of the computer – it does most of the computer’s actual computing

A

CPU

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2
Q

This CPU type originated with Intel’s 8086 CPU, but the first model is capable of running Linux was the 80386 (also known as 386)

A

x86

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3
Q

Other names for this architecture include AMD64, x64, and EM64T.

A

x86-64

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4
Q

The Intel line of processors that is the cheapest CPU, offers low end speed and processing performance

A

i3

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5
Q

The Intel line of processors that is the mid-range CPU, offers medium speed and processing performance as well as a medium-level price

A

i5

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6
Q

The Intel line of processors that is the high-end CPU, offers advanced speeds and processing performances but as a higher price

A

i7

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7
Q

The blank processor was introduced in 1985 but has just recently taken off as the main processor in small devices, such as tablets and embedded computer systems.

A

Advanced RISC Machine (ARM)

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8
Q

This CPU, created as a cooperative effort of Apple, IBM, and Motorola, was Apple’s CPU of choice between 1994 and 2006.

A

PowerPC

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9
Q

Intel created blank or IA-64, architecture as a 64-bit replacement for the x86 line, but it gained little market penetration except in the server field

A

Itanium

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10
Q

Many CPUS today are blank. These CPUS package the circuitry for two or more CPUs into one unit.

A

multicore models

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11
Q

Typing blank displays basic information on the kernel and the CPU

A

uname -a

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12
Q

The blank command returns additional information on about 20 lines of output. Much of this is highly technical, such as the sizes of caches the CPU supports

A

lscpu

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13
Q

The blank command returns still more information than lscpu.

A

cat /proc/cpuinfo

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14
Q

If the CPU is the computer brain, the blank is the rest of the computer’s central nervous system, which is a large circuit board inside the computer.

A

motherboard

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15
Q

The motherboard is dominated by a blank, which is one or more chips that provide key functionality for the computer

A

chipset

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16
Q

In addition to the chipset, motherboards include plug-in interfaces for these 6 key components

A

1) One or more slots for the computer’s CPU
2) Slots for Random Access Memory (RAM)
3) Slots for plug-in Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) or other cards
4) Connectors for internal hard disks, such as the Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) interface
5) Back-Panel connectors that provide external interfaces for USB devices, keyboards, and monitors. and so on
6) Connectors for additional external devices, such as front-panel USB plugs

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17
Q

Whether the feature is provided by the main of secondary chipset, you can learn about most of the motherboard’s features by using the blank command

A

lspci

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18
Q

A computer’s power supply takes the blank power from a wall outlet and converts it to the blank that your motherboard and everything you plug into it uses

A

alternating current (AC)
direct current (DC)

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19
Q

Today, what three disk interfaces are common

A

PATA
SATA
NVMe

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20
Q

This disk interface was very common in the past, but it’s fading in popularity. It features wide 40- and 80- pin cables that transfer several bits of data simultaneously

A

PATA

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21
Q

In 2003, a serial version of the ATA protocol was created.

A

SATA

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22
Q

The blank interface was designed specifically to support SSD drive storage standards

A

Non-volatile Memory Express (NVMe)

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23
Q

You can think of a hard disk as a set of blank, each of which holds a small amount of data - normally 512 bytes. The disk hardware itself does little to help organize data on the disk, aside from providing a means to read and write specific blanks.

A

sectors

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24
Q

Blank exist to help subdivide the disk into pieces with broadly different purposes (like different OSs or for different types of data in the OS)

A

Disk partitions

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25
Q

The most common partitioning scheme for x86 and x86-64 supports what three types of partitions

A

Primary
Extended
Logical

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26
Q

Blank is the simplest type of partition which a disk can have zero to four, including one extended.

A

Primary

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27
Q

This is a special type of primary partition that serves as a placeholder for logical partitions, and the disk can only have one

A

Extended

28
Q

These partitions are kept within the extended partition. In theory a disk can have billions, but you’re likely to see no more than 12.

A

Logical

29
Q

When it comes to partitioning a disk, Linux supports what three family of tools

A

1) fdisk
2) liberated
3) GPT fdisk

30
Q

Most disk partitions contain blank, which are data structures that help the computer organize your directories and files.

A

filesystems

31
Q

In Linux, all filesystems are part of a blank.

A

single directory tree

32
Q

The main filesystem in Linux is referred to as the blank.

A

/root

33
Q

The blank filesystem was popular in the 1990s but is rarely used today because it lacks a journal.

A

Ext2fs

34
Q

The blank filesystem is essentially Ext2fs with a journal.

A

Ext3fs

35
Q

The blank filesystem improves on Ext3fs with speed improvements and the ability to handle larger files and disks, up to 16 TB

A

Ext4fs

36
Q

The blank filesystem is similar to Ext3fs with an 8TB size limit and 16TB filesystem-size limit.

A

ReiserFS

37
Q

IBM developed the blank filesystem for its AIX OS, but the source code found its way to Linux.

A

JFS

38
Q

Silicon graphics developed this filesystem to IRIX OS and later donated it to Linux. It supports up to 8 EiB files and filesystems up to 16 Eib.

A

XFS

39
Q

The new filesystem, known as blank, is intended as the next generation filesystem. It supports files up to 16 EiB and filesystems up to the same size.

A

Btrfs

40
Q

If you’re planning a new Linux installation, you should consider what three filesystems.

A

Ext4fs, Btrfs, XFS

41
Q

To access a filesystem, you must blank it with the command of the same name.

A

mount

42
Q

If you insert a blank into a computer that’s running most modern Linux distributions, the computer will detect that fact, mount the disk in a subdirectory of /media, and launch the file manager on the disk

A

removable disk

43
Q

Most removable disks typically use what filesystem?

A

FAT

44
Q

Linux provides what two display modes

A

GUI
text-mode

45
Q

Modern Linux distributions use one of two popular X software packages

A

X.org
Wayland

46
Q

Much of the challenge in dealing with blank is managing drivers.

A

video devices

47
Q

What (3) video drivers work with NVIDIA?

A

nv, nouveau, nvidia

48
Q

What (2) video drivers work with AMD/ATI video hardware?

A

ati, fglrx

49
Q

What video driver works with Intel video hardware?

A

intel

50
Q

What 2 generic video drivers work with a multitude of video hardware?

A

fbdev and vesa

51
Q

Most modern computers use blank as the primary interface for external peripherals

A

USB

52
Q

The X software usually manages any Human Interface devices when you blank.

A

plug it in

53
Q

When using a insertable disk drive, it’s imperative that you blank it before removing it to prevent data corruption.

A

unmount

54
Q

A piece of software that talks to hardware is known as a blank.

A

driver

55
Q

Broadly speaking drivers can exist in one of what two locations?

A

the kernel
an external library or application

56
Q

Most drivers are blank.

A

kernel-based

57
Q

Name 3 drivers that reside in an external library or application

A

SANE (scanners)
Ghostscript(converts printed output)
X (manages the display)

58
Q

What command provides the most information about your motherboard?

A

lspci

59
Q

Why might you partition a drive? (Select all that apply)

A. To install more than one OS on the disk
B. To use ext4fs instead of ReiserFS
C. To turn a PATA disk into a SATA disk
D. To separate filesystem data from swap space
E. To separate the disk’s cache from its main data

A

A, D

60
Q

Which of the following devices is not commonly attached via an USB?

A. Video Monitors
B. Keyboards
C. External hard disks
D. Printers
E. Scanners

A

A

61
Q

True or False: An EMT64T CPU is capable of running a Linux distribution identified as being for the AMD64 CPU?

A

True

62
Q

True or False: UDF is a good filesystem to use for a Linux installation on a hard disk

A

False

63
Q

True or False: The Linux kernel includes drivers for various disk controllers, network adapters, USB interfaces, among other things

A

True

64
Q

THe x86 architecture uses a blank-bit architecture

A

32

65
Q

A computer power supply converts electricity from alternating current to blank

A

direct current

66
Q

The blank standard is a modern digital video interface that’s commonly used on computer monitors

A

HDMI

67
Q

Two current popular X software packages are blank and blank

A

X.org and Wayland

Linux Foundations (10 decks)

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