Chapter 5: Theories Of Motivation

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

the extent to which persistent effort is directed towards a goal

Question 2

Theories of Need (4)

Answer 2

• Maslow’s Hierarchy
• ERG Theory
• Two-Factor theory
• McClelland’s Need Theory

Question 3

McClelland’s Theory of Needs

Answer 3

Motivation comes from learned needs:
- Need for achievement (accomplishment)
- Need for affiliation
- Need for power

Question 4

Personalized Power

Answer 4

want power for themselves; to control others (toxic)

Question 5

Socialized Power

Answer 5

want power to be able to help others (better leaders)

Question 6

Equity Theory (Process)

Answer 6

Focuses on individuals’ comparisons to their own circumstances to those of others

Question 7

Fairness Beyond Equity

Answer 7

Mix of distributive justice (outcomes fairly dispersed), procedural justice (fair decision-making processes), interactional justice (treated with respect, kindness and dignity)

Question 8

Expectancy Theory

Answer 8

• States that the source of motivation comes from the desire to attain valued outcomes
• Motivation = Expectancy (effort leads to performance) x instrumentality ( performance will lead to outcome) x Valence (value of the outcome)