Chapter 5: Skeletal Anatomy

Question 1

List the four classifications of bones and give an example of each classification.

Answer 1

Short bones (e.g., carpals, tarsals)

Long bones (e.g., femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, radius, ulna)

Flat bones (e.g., scapula, ribs, ilium)

Irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae, patella, ischium, pubis)

Question 2

Define the following anatomical terms and provide the term used to identify the opposite: anterior, medial, inferior, distal, supine, supination, flexion, abduction

Answer 2

• Anterior: front of the body (opposite: posterior)
• Medial: closer to the midline (opposite: lateral)
• Inferior: below (opposite: superior)
• Distal: farther from the centre of the body (opposite: proximal)
• Supine: lying down with the body face up (opposite: prone)
• Supination: rotation of the forearm externally so that the palm faces up (opposite: pronation)
• Flexion: bending at a joint so that the joint angle decreases (opposite: extension)
• Abduction: movement away from the midline of the body (opposite: adduction)

Question 3

The skeleton provides all the following essential functions except

Answer 3

attachments for organs and blood vessels

Question 4

The adult human body contains approximately ____________ bones, most of which are found in the _____________________________ skeleton.

Answer 4

206; appendicular

Question 5

What are the three categories of joints?

Answer 5

fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial

Question 6

True or false: Ligaments are bands of connective tissue that connect muscles to bones to allow movement of the skeletal joints.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What components are involved in the spinal stabilization system?

Answer 7

control subsystem, passive subsystem, active subsystem