Chapter 5: Reflex Development and Integration Flashcards
Chapter 5: Human Development
Body Righting (On body) (BOB)
Onset age: 4-6 mo
Integration age: 5 years
Stimulus: place infant in supine, flex one hip and knee toward chest and hold breifly
Response: segmental rolling of the upper truk to maintain alignment
Relevance: faciliates trunk/spinal rotation
Downward Parachute (protective extension downward)
Onset age: 4 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: rapidly lower infant’s head toward supporting surface while suspended vertically
Response: extension of LEs
Relevance: allows accurate placement of LEs in anticipation of a surface
Quadruped Tilting
Onset age: 9-12 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: After positioning infant on all fours, slowly raise on side of the supporting surface
Response:curving of the spine toward the raised side; (opposite to the pull of gravity), abduction/ extension of arms and legs.
Relevance: Maintain equilibium without arm support; faciliate posutral adjustments in all positions
Standing Tilting
Onset age: 12-21 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: After positioning infant in standing, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface.
Response: curving of the spine toward the raised side; (opposite to the pull of gravity), abduction/ extension of arms and legs.
Relevance: Maintain equilibium without arm support; faciliate posutral adjustments in all positions
Symmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)
Onset age: 4-6 mo
Integration age: 8-12 mo
Stimulus: place infant in crawling position and extend head
Response: flexion of hips and knees
Relevance: breaks up total extensor posture; faciliates static quadruped position
Neck Righting (NOB)
Onset age: 4-6 mo
Integration age: 5 years
Stimulus: Place infant in supine and fully turn head to one side
Response: log rolling of the upper trunk to maintain alignment with head
Relevance: maintains head/body alignment; initiates rolling (first ambulation effort)
Aysmmetric Tonic Neck (ATNR)
Onset age: 37 weeks gestation
Integration age: 4-6 mo
Stimulus: fully rotate infant’s head and hold for 5 sec
Response: extension of the extremities of the face side; flexion of extremities on the skill side
Relevance: promotes visual hand regard
Moro
Onset age: 28 weeks gestation
Integration Age: 4-6 mo Stimulus: rapidly drop infant’s head backwards
Stimulus: rapidly drop infants head backwards.
Response: First arm extension, abduction and hand opening; then arm flexion and adduction.
Relevance: Allows departure from dominant fexlor pattern; protective response.
Supine Tilting and Sitting Tilting
Onset age: 7-8 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: After positioning infant in supine or sitting, slowly raise one side of supporting surface
Response: curving of the spine toward the raised side; (opposite to the pull of gravity), abduction/ extension of arms and legs.
Relevance: Maintain equilibium without arm support; faciliate posutral adjustments in all positions
Palmer Grasp
Onset age: 37 weeks gestation
Integration age: 4-6 mo
Stimulus: put finger in palm of infatn’s hand
Response: finger flexion; reflexive grasp
Relevance: increases tactile input ot palm of hand
Forward Parachute (protective extension forward)
Onset age: 6-9 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: Suddenly tip infant forward toward supporting surface while vertically suspended
Response: sudden extension of UEs, hand opening, and neck extension
Relevance: allows accurate placement of UEs in anticipation of supporting surface to prevent fall
Labyrinthine/optical (head) righting
Onset age: birth - 2 mo
Integration age: persists
Stimulus: hold infant suspended veritcally and tilt slowly to about 45 degrees to the side, forward and backward
Response: upright positioning of the head
Relevance: orients head in space;maintain face vertical
Prone Tilting
Onset age: 5 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: After positioning infant in prone tilt one side of supporting surface
Response: curving of the spine toward the raised side (opposite to the pull of gravity); abduction/extension of arms and legs
Relevance: maintain equilibrium without arm support; faciliate postural adjustments in all positions
Galant
Onset age: 32 weeks gestation
Integration age: 2 mo
Stimulus: With infant in prone suspension, tap or scratch alongside infant’s spine from shoulder to buttocks.
Response: Lateral trunk flexion with wrinkling of skin on stimulated side.
Relevance: Facilitates lateral trunk movement neccessary for truk stabilization.
Backward Parachute (protective extension backward)
Onset age: 9-10 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: Quickly but firmly tip infant off-balance backwards
Response: backward arm extension or arm extension to one side spinal rotation
Relevance: protects body to prevent a fall; unilaterally faciliates
Rooting
Onset age: 28 weeks gestation
Integration age: 3 mo
Stimulus: Stroke courner of mouth, upper or lower lip.
Response: Move mouth, head or tongue towards stimulus.
Relevance: Serach and locate feeding source.
Landau
Onset age: 3-4 mo
Integration age: 12-24 mo
Stimulus: hold infant in horizontal prone suspension
Response: complete extension of head, trunk and extremities
Relevance: breaks up flexor dominance; facilitates prone extension
Suck-Swallow
Onset age: 28 weeks gestation
Integration age: 2-5 mo
Stimulus: put finger in infants mouth
Response: strong, rhythmical sucking
Relevance: allows ingestion of nourishment
Tonic Labyrinthine-Supine (TLSR)
Onset age: <37 weeks gestation
Integration age: 6 mo
Stimulus: place infant in supine
Response: increased extensor tone
Relevance: faciliates total-body extensor tone
Traction
Onset age: 28 weeks gestation
Integration age: 2-5 mo
Stimulus: Grasp infants forearms and pull to sit
Response: complete flexion of the upper extremeties
Relevance: enhances momentary reflexive grasp
Plantar Grasp
Onset age: 28 weeks gestation
Integration age: 9 mo
Stimulus: apply pressure with thumb on ball of infant’s foot
Response: toe flexion
Relevance: increases tactile input ot sole of foot
Sideward Parachute (protective extension sideward)
Onset age: 7 mo
Integration age: Persists
Stimulus: Quickly but firmly tip infant off balance to the side while in the sitting position
Response: arm extension and abduction to the side
Relevance: protects body to prevent a fall; supports body for unilateral use of opposite arm
Tonic Labyrinthine-Prone (TLPR)
Onset age: >37 weeks gestation
Integration age: 6 mo
Stimulus: place infant in prone
Response: increased flexor tone
Relevance: faciliates total body felxor tone
