Chapter 5: Integumentary System

Question 1

The organs of what system include the skin and its accessory structures including hair, nails, and glands, as well as blood vessels, muscles and nerves?

Answer 1

integumentary

Question 2

The Integument is an ____ ____comprised of many organs such as hair and multiple types of glands.

Answer 2

organ system

Question 3

Besides protection, the skin contributes to?

Answer 3

Regulation of body temperature
Sensory perceptions
Synthesis of vitamin D
Emotional expression and It also serves as an important reservoir of blood

Question 4

What is the outer layer of skin?

Answer 4

The epidermis

Question 5

The epidermis contains 5 layers. From bottom to top the layers are named:

Answer 5

stratum basale 
stratum spinosum 
stratum granulosum 
stratum licidum 
stratum corneum

Question 6

What is always the bottom (deepest) layer of skin. Continuous cell division occurs here and produces all the other layers.

Answer 6

stratum basale

Question 7

What skin layer is a layer of 8–10 keratinocytes, in which organelles are beginning to degererate?

Answer 7

stratum spinosum

Question 8

The non-dividing cells of the 3rd layer of skin are filled with granules of keratin. This layer is called?

Answer 8

stratum granulosum

Question 9

The ____ ____ is the 4th layer of skin, but is only present in thick skin (the skin of the fingertips, palms, and soles).

Answer 9

stratum lucidum

Question 10

The ____ ___ is always outermost layer of skin, composed of approximately 20 layers of flat cell-remnants that are like “bags of turtle wax” (dead keratinocytes with no cellular organelles filled with only keratin protein.)

Answer 10

stratum corneum

Question 11

What is the process of replacing viable cells in the stratum basale with more and more of the waxy keratin protein as cells move from the deepest layer to the surface layer.

Answer 11

Keratinization

Question 12

The skin has 3 major layers they are called?

Answer 12

epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous

Question 13

What is composed of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers.

Answer 13

The dermis

Question 14

The Dermis contains two regions, they are?

Answer 14

papillary region, and The reticular region

Question 15

What region of the Dermis consists of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers, adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves, sebaceous (oil) glands, and sudoriferous (sweat) glands?

Answer 15

The reticular region

Question 16

What region of the Dermis lies just below the epidermis and consists of areolar connective tissue containing thin collagen and elastic fibers, dermal papillae (including capillary loops), corpuscles of touch and free nerve endings?

Answer 16

The papillary region

Question 17

What 3 pigments are primarily responsible for skin color?

Answer 17

Carotene, melanin and hemoglobin

Question 18

What type of har is a fine, nonpigmented, downy hairs that cover the body of the fetus?

Answer 18

Lanugo

Question 19

What type of hairs are a short, fine, pale hairs barely visible to the naked eye?

Answer 19

Vellus hairs

Question 20

What type of hair is long, coarse, heavily pigmented hair?

Answer 20

Terminal hairs

Question 21

Hair color is determined by the amount and type of?

Answer 21

melanin.

Question 22

What are connected to hair follicles. They secrete an oily substance called sebum which does 2 important things:
Prevents dehydration of hair
and skin Inhibits growth of certain bacteria.

Answer 22

Sebaceous (oil) glands

Question 23

In addition to oil glands, there are 2 types of skin sweat glands, also called ____ ____. Both are simple, coiled tubular glands.

Answer 23

sudoriferous glands

Question 24

What sudoriferous glands are the most numerous? They secrete a watery solution (600 ml per day) that helps to cool the body and eliminates small amounts of waste.

Answer 24

Eccrine sweat glands

Question 25

What sudoriferous glands are located mainly in the skin of the axilla, groin, areolae, and bearded facial regions of adult males. They secrete a slightly viscous sweat.

Answer 25

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 26

What releases sweat in response to an emotional stress such as fear or embarrassment. This type of sweating is referred to as emotional sweating or a “cold sweat”.

Answer 26

Eccrine sweat glands

Question 27

The secretory portion of ____ ____ glands is located mostly in the subcutaneous layer, and the excretory duct opens into hair follicles, with sweat secreted during emotional stress and sexual excitement.

Answer 27

apocrine sweat

Question 28

Much of body odor is due to?

Answer 28

apocrine sweat.

Question 29

Nails are composed of hard, keratinized epidermal cells located over the dorsal surfaces of the ends of fingers and toes. Nail structures include?

Answer 29

Free edge,
Transparent nail body (plate)
with a whitish lunula at its base, and Nail root embedded in a fold of skin

Question 30

The six functions of the skin are?

Answer 30

Thermoregulation, Blood Reservoir, Protection, Cutaneous Sensations, Excretion and Absorption, and Synthesis of Vitamin D.

Question 31

Cutaneous sensations are sensations that arise in the skin, including tactile sensations of?

Answer 31

Touch, Pressure, Vibration, and Tickling.

Question 32

Thermal sensations in the skin include?

Answer 32

warmth cooling and pain.