Chapter 5: Integumentary System Flashcards
The organs of what system include the skin and its accessory structures including hair, nails, and glands, as well as blood vessels, muscles and nerves?
integumentary
The Integument is an ____ ____comprised of many organs such as hair and multiple types of glands.
organ system
Besides protection, the skin contributes to?
Regulation of body temperature
Sensory perceptions
Synthesis of vitamin D
Emotional expression and It also serves as an important reservoir of blood
What is the outer layer of skin?
The epidermis
The epidermis contains 5 layers. From bottom to top the layers are named:
stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum granulosum stratum licidum stratum corneum
What is always the bottom (deepest) layer of skin. Continuous cell division occurs here and produces all the other layers.
stratum basale
What skin layer is a layer of 8–10 keratinocytes, in which organelles are beginning to degererate?
stratum spinosum
The non-dividing cells of the 3rd layer of skin are filled with granules of keratin. This layer is called?
stratum granulosum
The ____ ____ is the 4th layer of skin, but is only present in thick skin (the skin of the fingertips, palms, and soles).
stratum lucidum
The ____ ___ is always outermost layer of skin, composed of approximately 20 layers of flat cell-remnants that are like “bags of turtle wax” (dead keratinocytes with no cellular organelles filled with only keratin protein.)
stratum corneum
What is the process of replacing viable cells in the stratum basale with more and more of the waxy keratin protein as cells move from the deepest layer to the surface layer.
Keratinization
The skin has 3 major layers they are called?
epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous
What is composed of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers.
The dermis
The Dermis contains two regions, they are?
papillary region, and The reticular region
What region of the Dermis consists of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers, adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves, sebaceous (oil) glands, and sudoriferous (sweat) glands?
The reticular region
What region of the Dermis lies just below the epidermis and consists of areolar connective tissue containing thin collagen and elastic fibers, dermal papillae (including capillary loops), corpuscles of touch and free nerve endings?
The papillary region
What 3 pigments are primarily responsible for skin color?
Carotene, melanin and hemoglobin
What type of har is a fine, nonpigmented, downy hairs that cover the body of the fetus?
Lanugo
What type of hairs are a short, fine, pale hairs barely visible to the naked eye?
Vellus hairs
What type of hair is long, coarse, heavily pigmented hair?
Terminal hairs
Hair color is determined by the amount and type of?
melanin.
What are connected to hair follicles. They secrete an oily substance called sebum which does 2 important things:
Prevents dehydration of hair
and skin Inhibits growth of certain bacteria.
Sebaceous (oil) glands
In addition to oil glands, there are 2 types of skin sweat glands, also called ____ ____. Both are simple, coiled tubular glands.
sudoriferous glands
What sudoriferous glands are the most numerous? They secrete a watery solution (600 ml per day) that helps to cool the body and eliminates small amounts of waste.
Eccrine sweat glands
