Chapter 5: Energy Systems And Muscle Fibre Types

Question 0

Where are carbohydrates found?

Answer 0

Glucose and glycogen

Question 1

What are the 3 energy nutrients?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, proteins and fats

Question 2

Where is glucose and glycogen found?

Answer 2

Glucose is liquid form in blood

Glycogen is solid in muscle and liver

Question 3

Where are proteins found?

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

Where are fats found?

Answer 4

Fatty acids

Question 5

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 5

Adenosinetriphosphate

Question 6

Where is ATP made?

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

What are the two ways that ATP is resynthesized?

Answer 7

Aerobically and anaerobically

Question 8

What is aerobic?

Answer 8

In the presence of oxygen, all of metabolic activity will involve oxygen

Question 9

What is anaerobic?

Answer 9

Whiteout oxygen, none of its metabolic activity will involve oxygen

Question 10

What are the 3 energy systems?

Answer 10

ATP-CP system (anaerobic alactic), glycolysis (anaerobic lactic), aerobic system (cellular respiration)

Question 11

How long does the ATP-CP system last?

Answer 11

10-15 seconds

Question 12

What does the ATP-CP system use? Are there any by-products?

Answer 12

Uses stored ATP and creatine phosphate, there are no by-products

Question 13

What are examples of sports that use the ATP-CP system?

Answer 13

Quick events/power events, 50- 100 m sprints, high jump

Question 14

How long does the glycolysis system last?

Answer 14

15 seconds - 3 minutes

Question 15

What does the glycolysis system use? Are there any by-products?

Answer 15

Uses glucose and glycogen to make ATP, by-product is lactic acid

Question 16

What sports use the glycolysis system?

Answer 16

200-800 m sprint, hockey shift

Question 17

How long does the aerobic system last?

Answer 17

3 minutes +

Question 18

What does the the aerobic system use? Are there any by-products?

Answer 18

Uses glucose, glycogen, fats and proteins to make ATP, by-products are carbine dioxide and water

Question 19

What are the 3 sub pathways of the aerobic system?

Answer 19

Glycolysis, KREB cycle, electron transport chain

Question 20

The only aerobic energy pathway is the…

Answer 20

Aerobic system

Question 21

What sports use the aerobic system?

Answer 21

Long distance/endurance events, cycling

Question 22

What are the 3 muscle fibre types?

Answer 22

Type 1 (slow twitch), type 2A (fast twitch), type 2B (fast twitch)

Question 23

What colour is type 1 muscle fibre?

Answer 23

Dark red

Question 24

Where is type 1 muscle fibre predominantly used? What does it have a high concentration of?

Answer 24

Used in the aerobic energy system, high concentration of myoglobin

Question 25

What is myoglobin?

Answer 25

Protein that helps carry oxygen in muscle

Question 26

What colour is type 2A muscle fibre?

Answer 26

Reddish-white

Question 27

Which muscle fibre type is moderately fast?

Answer 27

Type 2A

Question 28

Where is type 2A muscle fibre predominantly used? What concentration if myoglobin does it contain?

Answer 28

Used in anaerobic glycolysis system, moderate concentration of myoglobin

Question 29

What colour is type 2B muscle fibre?

Answer 29

White

Question 30

Which muscle fibre has the fastest contraction speed?

Answer 30

Type 2B

Question 31

Where is type 2B muscle fibre predominantly used? What concentration do myoglobin does it contain?

Answer 31

Used in anaerobic alactic system, low myoglobin concentration