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Medical Terminology > Chapter 5; Digestive system > Flashcards

Chapter 5; Digestive system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ano

A

anus

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2
Q

appendo/appendico

A

appendix

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3
Q

bucco

A

cheek

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4
Q

ceco

A

cecum

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5
Q

celio

A

belly, abdomen

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6
Q

cheilo

A

lip

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7
Q

cholescysto

A

gallbladder

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8
Q

choledocho

A

common bile duct

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9
Q

colo

A

colon

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10
Q

colono

A

colon

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11
Q

denti

A

tooth

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12
Q

duodeno

A

duodenum

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13
Q

entero

A

intestines, usually small intestine

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14
Q

esophago

A

esophagus

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15
Q

facio

A

face

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16
Q

gastro

A

stomach

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17
Q

gingivo

A

gums

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18
Q

glosso

A

tongue

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19
Q

hepato

A

liver

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20
Q

ileo

A

ileum

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21
Q

jejuno

A

jejunum

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22
Q

labio

A

lip

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23
Q

laparo

A

abdomen

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24
Q

linguo

A

tongue

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25
Q

mandibulo

A

lower jaw, mandible

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26
Q

odonto

A

tooth

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27
Q

oro

A

mouth

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28
Q

palato

A

palate

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29
Q

pancreato

A

pancreas

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30
Q

peritoneo

A

peritoneum

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31
Q

pharyngo

A

throat

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32
Q

procto

A

anus and rectum

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33
Q

pyloro

A

pyloric sphincter

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34
Q

recto

A

rectum

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35
Q

sialadeno

A

salivary gland

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36
Q

sigmoido

A

sigmoid colon

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37
Q

stomato

A

mouth

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38
Q

uvulo

A

uvula

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39
Q

amylo

A

starch

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40
Q

bili

A

gall, bile

41
Q

bilirubino

A

bilirubin

42
Q

chole

A

gall, bile

43
Q

chlorhydro

A

hydrochloric acid

44
Q

gluco

A

sugar

45
Q

glyco

A

sugar

46
Q

glycogeno

A

glycogen, animal starch

47
Q

lipo

A

fat, lipid

48
Q

litho

A

stone

49
Q

proteo

A

protein

50
Q

pyo

A

pus

51
Q

sialo

A

saliva, salivary

52
Q

steato

A

fat

53
Q

-ase

A

enzyme

54
Q

-cheiza

A

defecation, elimination of wastes

55
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition

56
Q

-pradial

A

meal

57
Q

anorexia

A

lack of appetite

58
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

59
Q

borborygmi

A

rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract

60
Q

constipation

A

difficulty in passing stools

61
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent passage of loose, watery stools

62
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing

63
Q

eructation

A

gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

64
Q

flatus

A

gas expelled through the anus

65
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rctum

66
Q

jaundice (icterus)

A

yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood

67
Q

melena

A

black tarry stools; feces contain digested blood

68
Q

nausea

A

unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit

69
Q

steatorrhea

A

fat in feces

70
Q

aphthous stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth with small painful ulcers

71
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay

72
Q

herpetic stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus

73
Q

oral leukoplakia

A

white plaques of patches on the mucosa of the mouth

74
Q

periodontal disease

A

inflammation and degeneration of gums teeth and surrounding bone

75
Q

achalasia

A

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax

76
Q

esophageal cancer

A

malignant tumor of the esophagus

77
Q

esophageal varices

A

swollen varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

78
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

79
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it.

80
Q

peptic ulcer

A

open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

81
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal tube like passageway near the anus

82
Q

colonic polyps

A

polyps (benign growth) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

83
Q

colorectal cancer

A

adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both

84
Q

crohns disease

A

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

85
Q

diverticulitis

A

abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon

86
Q

dysentery

A

painful inflammation of the intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

87
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen twisted varicose veins in the rectal region

88
Q

ileus

A

loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

89
Q

inflammatory bowel disease

A

inflammation of the colon and small intestines

90
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of the intestines

91
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

A

group of GI symptoms (ab pain bloating diarrhea constipation) but without defined abnormalities in the intestines

92
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the intestines on itself

93
Q

cholelithiasis

A

gallstones in the gallbladder

94
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

95
Q

hepatocellular carcinoma

A

liver cancer

96
Q

pancreatic cancer

A

malignant tumor of the pancreas

97
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

98
Q

viral hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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