Chapter 11; cardiovascular Flashcards
1
Q
angio
A
vessel
2
Q
aorto
A
aorta
3
Q
artero, arterio
A
artery
4
Q
athero
A
yellowish plaque, fatty substance
5
Q
atrio
A
atrium
6
Q
brachio
A
arm
7
Q
cardio
A
heart
8
Q
cholesterolo
A
cholesterol
9
Q
corono
A
heart
10
Q
cyano
A
blue
11
Q
myxo
A
mucus
12
Q
oxo
A
oxygen
13
Q
pericardio
A
pericardium
14
Q
phlebo
A
vein
15
Q
rrhythmo
A
rhythm
16
Q
sphygmo
A
pulse
17
Q
stetho
A
chest
18
Q
thrombo
A
clot
19
Q
valvulo, valvo
A
valve
20
Q
vaso
A
vessel
21
Q
vasculo
A
vessel
22
Q
veno, veni
A
vein
23
Q
ventriculo
A
ventricle
24
Q
arrhythemias
A
abnormal heart rhythms
25
bradycardia and heart block (atrioventricular block)
failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of HIS)
26
flutter
rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria
27
fibrillation
very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart (350 BPM)
28
congenital heart diseases
abnormalities in the heart at birth
29
coarctation of the aorta
narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta
30
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth
31
septal defects
small holes in the wall between the atria (atrial septal defects) or the ventricles (ventriclar septal defects)
32
tetralogy of fallot
congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects
1. pulmonary artery stenosis
2. ventricular septal defects
3. shift of the aorta to the right
4. hypertrophy of the right ventricle
33
congestive heart failure
heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood
34
coronary artery disease
disease of the arteries surrounding the heart. usually a result of artherosclerosis
35
acute myocardial infarction
crucial part is 5-7 days
36
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
37
mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
improper closure of the mitral valve
38
murmur
extra heart sound, heard between normal beats
39
pericarditis
inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart
40
rheumatic heart disease
heart disease caused by rheumatic fever
41
aneurysm
local widening of an arterial wall
42
deep vein thrombosis
blood clot forms in a large vein, usually a lower limb
43
hypertension (HTN)
high blood pressure
44
peripheral artery disease (PAD)
blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs
45
raynauds disease
recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes
46
varicose veins
abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs
47
cardiac biomarkers
chemicals are measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attack.
troponin-I, troponin-T: released into blood stream after injury to heart
48
lipid tests (lipid profile)
measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides in a blood sample
49
lipoprotein electrophoresis
lipoproteins are physically separated and measured in a blood sample
50
angiography
xray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material
51
echocardiography (ECHO)
echoes generated by high-frequency sound waves produce images of the heart
52
cardiac MRI
images of the heart are produced using radiowave energy in a magnetic field
53
electrocardiography (ECG)
recording of electricity flowing through the heart
54
stress test
an ECG device is worn during a 24 hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias
55
coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages
56
endarterectomy
surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery
57
extracorporeal circulation
heart lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired
58
heart transplantation
donor hear is transferred to a recipient
59
AAA
abdominal aortic aneurysm
60
ACE inhibitor
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
61
ACLS
advanced cardiac life support; CPR plus drugs and defibrillation
62
AED
automatic external defibrillator
63
AF, a-fib
atrial fibrillation
64
AMI
acute myocardial infarction
65
AS
aortic stenosis
66
ASD
atrial septal defect
67
AV, A-V
atrioventricular
68
AVR
aortic valve replacement
69
BBB
bundle branch block
70
BP
blood pressure
71
CABG
coronary artery bypass grafting
72
CAD
coronary artery disease
73
CCU
coronary care unit
74
cath
catheterization
75
CHF
congestive heart failure
76
CK
creatine kinase. enzyme released after injure to skeletal or heart muscles
77
CRP
cadiopulmonary resuscitation
78
ECG/EKG
electrocardiography
79
ECHO
echocardiography
80
ECMO
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
81
ETT
exercise tolerance test
82
HDL
high density lipoprotein
83
HTN
hypertension
84
LAD
left anterior descending
85
LDL
low density lipoprotein
86
LV
left ventricle
87
LVAD
left ventricular assist device
88
LVH
left ventricular hypertrophy
89
MI
myocardial infarction
90
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
91
PAC
premature atrial contraction
92
PAD
peripheral artery disease
93
PDA
patent ductus arteriosis or posterior descending artery
94
PE
pulmonary embolus
95
PVC
premature ventricular contraction
96
SA, S-A node
sinoatrial node
97
SOB
shortness of breath
98
SVT
supraventricular tachycardia
99
tPA
tissue-type plasminogen activator
100
VF
ventricular fibrillation
101
VSD
ventricular septal defect
