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Medical Terminology > Chapter 11; cardiovascular > Flashcards

Chapter 11; cardiovascular Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

angio

A

vessel

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2
Q

aorto

A

aorta

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3
Q

artero, arterio

A

artery

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4
Q

athero

A

yellowish plaque, fatty substance

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5
Q

atrio

A

atrium

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6
Q

brachio

A

arm

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7
Q

cardio

A

heart

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8
Q

cholesterolo

A

cholesterol

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9
Q

corono

A

heart

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10
Q

cyano

A

blue

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11
Q

myxo

A

mucus

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12
Q

oxo

A

oxygen

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13
Q

pericardio

A

pericardium

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14
Q

phlebo

A

vein

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15
Q

rrhythmo

A

rhythm

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16
Q

sphygmo

A

pulse

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17
Q

stetho

A

chest

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18
Q

thrombo

A

clot

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19
Q

valvulo, valvo

A

valve

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20
Q

vaso

A

vessel

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21
Q

vasculo

A

vessel

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22
Q

veno, veni

A

vein

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23
Q

ventriculo

A

ventricle

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24
Q

arrhythemias

A

abnormal heart rhythms

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25
Q

bradycardia and heart block (atrioventricular block)

A

failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of HIS)

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26
Q

flutter

A

rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

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27
Q

fibrillation

A

very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart (350 BPM)

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28
Q

congenital heart diseases

A

abnormalities in the heart at birth

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29
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta

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30
Q

patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

A

passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth

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31
Q

septal defects

A

small holes in the wall between the atria (atrial septal defects) or the ventricles (ventriclar septal defects)

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32
Q

tetralogy of fallot

A

congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects

  1. pulmonary artery stenosis
  2. ventricular septal defects
  3. shift of the aorta to the right
  4. hypertrophy of the right ventricle
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33
Q

congestive heart failure

A

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

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34
Q

coronary artery disease

A

disease of the arteries surrounding the heart. usually a result of artherosclerosis

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35
Q

acute myocardial infarction

A

crucial part is 5-7 days

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36
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

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37
Q

mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

A

improper closure of the mitral valve

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38
Q

murmur

A

extra heart sound, heard between normal beats

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39
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart

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40
Q

rheumatic heart disease

A

heart disease caused by rheumatic fever

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41
Q

aneurysm

A

local widening of an arterial wall

42
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

blood clot forms in a large vein, usually a lower limb

43
Q

hypertension (HTN)

A

high blood pressure

44
Q

peripheral artery disease (PAD)

A

blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs

45
Q

raynauds disease

A

recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes

46
Q

varicose veins

A

abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs

47
Q

cardiac biomarkers

A

chemicals are measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attack.
troponin-I, troponin-T: released into blood stream after injury to heart

48
Q

lipid tests (lipid profile)

A

measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides in a blood sample

49
Q

lipoprotein electrophoresis

A

lipoproteins are physically separated and measured in a blood sample

50
Q

angiography

A

xray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material

51
Q

echocardiography (ECHO)

A

echoes generated by high-frequency sound waves produce images of the heart

52
Q

cardiac MRI

A

images of the heart are produced using radiowave energy in a magnetic field

53
Q

electrocardiography (ECG)

A

recording of electricity flowing through the heart

54
Q

stress test

A

an ECG device is worn during a 24 hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias

55
Q

coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)

A

arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages

56
Q

endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery

57
Q

extracorporeal circulation

A

heart lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired

58
Q

heart transplantation

A

donor hear is transferred to a recipient

59
Q

AAA

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm

60
Q

ACE inhibitor

A

angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor

61
Q

ACLS

A

advanced cardiac life support; CPR plus drugs and defibrillation

62
Q

AED

A

automatic external defibrillator

63
Q

AF, a-fib

A

atrial fibrillation

64
Q

AMI

A

acute myocardial infarction

65
Q

AS

A

aortic stenosis

66
Q

ASD

A

atrial septal defect

67
Q

AV, A-V

A

atrioventricular

68
Q

AVR

A

aortic valve replacement

69
Q

BBB

A

bundle branch block

70
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

71
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass grafting

72
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

73
Q

CCU

A

coronary care unit

74
Q

cath

A

catheterization

75
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

76
Q

CK

A

creatine kinase. enzyme released after injure to skeletal or heart muscles

77
Q

CRP

A

cadiopulmonary resuscitation

78
Q

ECG/EKG

A

electrocardiography

79
Q

ECHO

A

echocardiography

80
Q

ECMO

A

extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

81
Q

ETT

A

exercise tolerance test

82
Q

HDL

A

high density lipoprotein

83
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

84
Q

LAD

A

left anterior descending

85
Q

LDL

A

low density lipoprotein

86
Q

LV

A

left ventricle

87
Q

LVAD

A

left ventricular assist device

88
Q

LVH

A

left ventricular hypertrophy

89
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

90
Q

MVP

A

mitral valve prolapse

91
Q

PAC

A

premature atrial contraction

92
Q

PAD

A

peripheral artery disease

93
Q

PDA

A

patent ductus arteriosis or posterior descending artery

94
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolus

95
Q

PVC

A

premature ventricular contraction

96
Q

SA, S-A node

A

sinoatrial node

97
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

98
Q

SVT

A

supraventricular tachycardia

99
Q

tPA

A

tissue-type plasminogen activator

100
Q

VF

A

ventricular fibrillation

101
Q

VSD

A

ventricular septal defect

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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