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Abnormal Psychology > (Chapter 5) anxiety disorders > Flashcards

(Chapter 5) anxiety disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Worry

A

Largely cognitive or “thinking” concept that refers to concerns about possible future threat

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2
Q

Anxiety

A

An emotional state that occurs as a threatening even draws close

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3
Q

3 key parts of anxiety

A
  1. Physical feeling
  2. thoughts
  3. Behaivors
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4
Q

Fear

A

An intense emotional state that occurs as a threat is imminent or actually occurring, specific reaction that is clear and immediate

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5
Q

Anxiety related disorders

A

People have persistent episodes of severe worry, anxiety, or fear that keeps them from doing things they would normally do.

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6
Q

Panic attack

A

A period of time, usually several minutes, in which a person experiences intense feelings of fear, apprehension that something terrible will happen, and physical symptoms

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7
Q

Derealization

A

Feelings that surrounding events are not real

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8
Q

Depersonalization

A

The person is watching themselves go through the situation

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9
Q

Unexpected panic attacks

A

Panic attacks that occur out of the blue, or without warning and predictability

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10
Q

Expected panic attack

A

Has a specific trigger

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11
Q

DSM 5 Panic attack symptoms

A
  1. Palpitations
  2. sweating
  3. Trembling
  4. shortness of breath
  5. Feelings of choking
  6. chest pain or discomfort
  7. nausea or abdominal distress
  8. Dizzy, lightnheadedness
  9. Chills or heat sensations
  10. Numbness or tingling sensations(paresthesias)
  11. Derealization/depersonalization
  12. Fear of goign crazy
  13. Fear of dying
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12
Q

Panic disorder DSM-5 diagnosis

A

People who regularly experience unexpected panic attacks and at least one of these panic attacks must be followed by a month or more of concern about having on other attack, worry about what a panic attack might mean, or having a change in behaivor.

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13
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Anxiety about being in places where panic symtoms may occur, especially places where escape might be difficult

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14
Q

Agoraphobia DSM 5 criteria

A
  1. Marked fear or anxiety about 2 or more of:
    - using public transportation
    - being in open spaces
    - being in enclosed spaces
    - standing in line or being in a crowd
    - being outside of the home alone
  2. the ind. fears or avoids these situations because of thoughts of escape might be difficult
  3. the agoraphobic situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety
  4. Sistauions are clearly avoided, or endured with intense anxiety
  5. fear or anxiety is out of proportion to actual danger
  6. fer or anxiety avoidance is persistent(6 months or more)
  7. fear or anxiety avoidance causes clinically significant stress or impairment in daily functioning
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15
Q

Social phobia(social anxiety disorder)

A

Marked by intense and ongoing fear of potentially embarrassing social or preformance situations

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16
Q

Social anxiety is disorder DSM 5 criterion

A
  1. Marked fear or anxiety about 1 or more social situations
  2. Ind. fears he/she will act in a way that will show anxiety symptoms and cause embarrassment
  3. Social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety
  4. social situations are avoided or endure with intense anxiety
  5. fear or anxiety is out of porportion to actual threat
  6. Causes clinically significant distress or functional impairment
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17
Q

Preformance only social anxiety disorder

A

If a person fears only speaking or preforming in public

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18
Q

Specific phobia

A

Excessive, unreasonable fear of a particular abject or situation

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19
Q

DSM 5 specific phobia criteria

A
  1. Marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or sistauion
  2. The phobic object almost always provokes immediate fear or anxiety
  3. Avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety
  4. out of poportionto actual danger ot threat present
  5. Persistent avoidance or fear(lasting 6 months or more)
  6. Clinically significant distress or impairment
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20
Q

5 types of specific phobia

A
  1. Animal phobias
  2. Natural environment phobias
  3. Blood-injection injury phobias
  4. Situational phobias
  5. Other phobias
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21
Q

Animal phobias

A

Fear of animals, insects, etc.

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22
Q

Natural environment phobias

A

Fear or surrounding phenomenon: heights, water weather events, etc.

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23
Q

Blood-injection injury phobias

A

Fear of needles, medical procedures, and harm to self

24
Q

Situational phobias

A

Fear of specific areas, enclosed spaces, elevators, etc.

25
Q

Other phobias

A

Any other intense fear of a specific object

26
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

-extreme levels of worry about various events or activities

27
Q

DSM 5 criteria for GAD

A
  1. Excessive anxiety and worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months
  2. Individual finds it difficult to control the worry
  3. anxiety and worry are associated with 3 or more of the following:
    - restlessness or feeling on edge
    - being easily fatigued
    - difficulting concentrating
    - irritability
    - muscle tension
    - sleep disturbance
  4. Clinically significant distress or functional impairment
28
Q

Compulsions

A

Rituals or habits

29
Q

Obsessions

A

Constant ideas, impulses, or images

30
Q

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

A

Involves, obsessions and compulsions done to repeadityl to reduce anxiety from obsessions

31
Q

And OCD DSM 5 criteria

A
  1. Present -obsessions -compulsions or both
    - obsessions are defined by reaccurent, persistent thoughts, urges or images that are intrusive unwanted and cause anxiety or distress
    - individual attempts to ignore or suppress such obsessions or neutralize them with preforming a compulsion
    - compulsions are defined by 0repetive behaivors, that an individual feels drive to preform in response to an obsession
    - compulsions are aimed in reducing anxiety or distress over preventing some dread3ed event or situation
    - obsessions, compulsions are time consuming and cause clinically significant distress or functional impairment
32
Q

Hoarding disorder

A

-refers to people who have persistent difficulty parting with possessions, who feel they need to save items, and who expeierence cluttering of living areas

33
Q

Trichotillomania

A

-pulling out hair

34
Q

Excoriation disorder

A

-Pick at skin

35
Q

Body dysmorphic disorder

A

-preoccupied with imaginary or slight defect in their appearance

36
Q

Body dysmorphic disorder DSM 5 criteria

A
  1. Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others
  2. Individual preforms repetitive behaivors in response to appearance concerns
  3. Causes significant distress or functional impairment
  4. idv. Do not better meet criteria for an eating disorder
37
Q

PTSD

A

Marked by frequent reexperienceing of traumatic event through images, memories, nightmares, flashback or in other ways

38
Q

PTSD DSM 5 criteria

A
  1. Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury or violence in one or more of the following ways:
    - direct experience
    - witnessing in person
    - learning it occured to a close family member or close friend
    - experiencing extreme or repeated aversive details of the event
  2. Presence of one or more of the following symptoms
    - recurrent distressing memories
    - dreams
    - dissociative reactions(flashbacks)
    - intense or prolonged psychological distress at exposure to cues that symbolize the event
    - marked psychological reactions to cues
  3. Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with traumatic event by one r both of the following
    - avoidance or efforts to avoid distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings
    - avoidance or efforts to avoid external reminders of event
  4. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with event by two or more of the following:
    - inability to remember
    - persistent exaggerated negative beliefs about oneself or the world
    - distorted cognitions
    - negative emotional state
    - anhedonia
    - feelings of attachment or estrangement from others
    - inability or experience positive emotions
  5. Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with event by two or more of the following:
    - irritable behaivor
    - reckless, self destructive behavior
    - hyper vigilance
    - exaggerated startle response
    - problems with concentration
    - sleep disturbance
  6. Duration of the disturbance last more than 1 month
  7. Significant distress or functional impairment
39
Q

Seperation anxiety disorder

A

-marked by substantial distress when seperation from a major attachment figure occurs or is expected to occur.

40
Q

Acute stress disorder DSM 5 Criteria

A

Basically all the criteria for PTSD except this can occur up to 3 days to 1 month after the event

41
Q

Seperation anxiety disorder DSM 5 criteria

A
  1. Developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear or anxiety concerning seperation from those who the individual feels attached to as evidenced by at least 3 of the following:
    - recurrent excessive distress when anticipating or experiencing seperation
    - persistent worry about loosing attachment figure
    - persistent excessive worry about getting lost which would cause seperation from person
    - persistent reluctance ot go out for fear of seperation
    - persistent reluctance of being alone without attachment figure
    - repeated seperation nightmares
    - physical symptoms during seperation
  2. The fear or anxiety is persistent and lasts 4 or more weeks in children’s nd 6 or more months in adults
  3. Causes significant distress and impairment
42
Q

Behaivoral inhibition

A

Withdrawal from unfamiliar or new stimuli

43
Q

Cognitive distortions

A

Negative thought patterns

44
Q

Thought-action fusion

A

One believes thinking abut something means he/she is a terrible person or a terrible thing is about to happen

45
Q

Anxiety sensitivity

A

A fear of the potential dangerousness of internal sensations

46
Q

Behaivors avoidance tests

A

Done tos we how close someone with an anxiety disorder can get to a feared situation or object

47
Q

Psychoeducation

A

Educating a person on the three components of anxiety and how they relate to the person

48
Q

Somatic control exercises

A

-to address physical feelings of anxiety so they are less strong and threatening

49
Q

Relaxation training

A

A person is taught to tense and release different muscle groups to diffuse tension

50
Q

Breathing training

A

Deep breathing

51
Q

Cognitive therapy

A

Changing negative thought patterns

52
Q

Exposure- based practices

A

Typically used to draw a person closer to whatever he/she is fearful about

53
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

A person is slowly approaching a feared situation while practicing relaxation training or cognitive therapy

54
Q

Flooding

A

Exposing a person to a fear with little preparation

55
Q

Interoceptive exposure

A

-exposure to internal feelings or sensations one fears

56
Q

Response(or ritual) prevention

A

A person is exposed to his/her obsession and unable to be able to engage in the compulsion

57
Q

Worry exposure

A

Concentrate their anxious thoughts and think about as many alternatives tot he event as possible

Abnormal Psychology (11 decks)

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