Chapter 10 (personality disorders) Flashcards
Personality trait
Readiness to act in a certain way
Opennes
Active imagination and sensitivity, aoposite is practicality and routined oriented
Concientiousness
Self disciplined and achievement oriented, opposite is less goal oriented and more laid back
Extraversion
Socially gregarious behaivor, opposite is introversion
Agreeableness
Compassionate and cooperative opposite is suspiciousness and antagonism
Neuroticism
Tendency to express negative emotional states, apostate is emotional stability
Personality disorder
People with extreme levels of personality traits that cause great impairment in functioning especially with social or occupational functioning
General personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- An enduring patter of inner experience and behaivors that deviates markedly front he expectations of the individuals culture by two or more of the following:
- cognition
- affectivity
- interpersonal functioning
- impulse control - endruing pattern is inflexible and pervasive across situations
- distress and impairment
- stable and long duration with onset in adolesece or early adulthood
Personality disorder DMS clusters
Odd eccentric:
- paranoid
- schizoid
- schizotypal
Dramatic/erratic/emotional
- antisocial
- borderline
- histrionic
- narcissistic
Anxious/fearful
- avoidant
- dependent
- Obsessive compulsive
Paranoid personality disorder
Involves a enteral distress and suspiciousness of others
Paranoid personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- Pervasive distrust or suspiciousness of others as indicated by foure or more of the following
- suspects, without sufficient basis, other are exploiting, harming or deceiving him/her
- preoccupied with doubts of trustworthiness or loyalty
- reluctant to confide in others becuse of fear that info will be used against hi/her
- reads hidden or threatening things into benign remarks
- perceives attacks to character that are not apparent to others and quick to react anfgrily or counterreact
- reaccurent infertility suspicions - Does not occur exclusively with paradigm delusions of schizophrenia or other disorders
Schizotypal personality disorder
Involves interpersonal deficits, cognitive and perceptual aberrations, and behaivoral eccentricities
Schizotypal personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships as well as cognitive or perceptual disortions or eccentricities present in a variety of context such as by 5 or more of the following:
- ideas of reference
- odd beliefs or magical thinking
- unusual perceptual experiences
- suspiciousness or paranoid ideation
- inappropriate or constricted affect
- lack of close friends
- excessive social anxiety associated with paranoid fears - Does not occur exclusively with other psychotic or mood disorder
Schizoid personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- Pervasive pattern of detachment form social relationships and restricted range of emotional expression as evidenced by 4 or more of the following:
- neither desires nor enjoys close relationships
- almost always chooses solitary activities
- has little if any interest in sexual experiences
- takes pleasure in little if any activity
- lacks close friends
- appears indifferent to praise or critism of others
- emotional coldness, detachment or flattened affect - Does not occur exclusively with other psychotic or mood disorder
Antisocial personality disorder
-patterns of behaivor that reflect and extreme disregard for and violation of the rights of others
Psychopathy
A diagnostic construct related to antisocial personality in which a person feels little remorse, little guilt, poor behaivoral control , arragonce, superficial charm, exploitativness and lack of empathy.
Antisocial personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- A pervasive pattern of disregard and violations of the rights of others, occurring since the age of 15 years as indicated by 3 or more of the following
- failure to conform to social norms
- devceitfullness
- impulsivity or failure to plan ahead
- irritability and agressiveness
- reckless disregard for safety of others
- consistent irresponsibility
- lack of remorse - The individual is at least 18 years old
- evidence of conduct disorder with onset before age 15
Borderline personality disorder
Involves the pattern of impulsivity and unstable affect, interpersonal relationships, and self-image
Borderline personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, or impulsivity as indicated by 5 or more of the following:
- frantic effort to avoid real or imagined abandonment
- a pattern of unstable interpersonal relationships
- identity disturbance
- reaccurent suicidal behaivor
- affective instability
- chronic feelings of emptiness
- inappropriate, intense anger
- transient, stress relayed paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
Histrionic personality disorder
Display pervasive and excessive emotionality and attention seeking
Histrionic personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- Pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking and evidenced by 5 or more of the following:
- is uncompfortable not being center of attention
- inappropriate sexually seductive behaivor
- rapidly shifting and shallow emotions
- physical appearance used to draw attention t oneself
- impressionistic speech
- self-dramatization
- considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are
Narcissistic personality disorder
Display grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy for others
Narcissistic personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- A pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy as indicated by 5 or more of the following:
- grandiose sense of self importance
- preoccupied with fantasies of sucess, power, brilliance, beauty, and love
- believes he/she is special or unique
- requires excessive admiration
- sense of entitlement
- interpersonally exploitive
- lacks empathy
- envious of others or believes that other are envious of them
- arrogant, haughty behaivor or attitudes
Avoidant personality disorders
Involves pervasive patterns of anxiety, feelings of inadequacy, and social hypersensitivity
Avoidant personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy or hypersensitivity to negative evaluation as indicated by 4 or more of the following
- avoids occupational activities that involve interpersonal contact
- unwilling to get involved with people unless certain will be liked
- restraint within intimate relationships
- preoccupied with being criticized
- feelings of inadequacy limit interpersonal situations
- views self as socially inept, unappealing, or inferior to others
- unusually reluctant to take personal risks
Dependent personality disorder
Involves pervasive, excessive need to be cared for, leading to submissiveness, clingy behaivor, and fear of separation
Dependent personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- A pervasive ad excessive need ot be cared for that lead to submissive and clingy behaivor and fears seperation as indicated by 5 or more of the following :
- difficulty making everyday decisions without excessive amount of advice and reassurance form others
- difficulty expressing disagreement with others
- difficulty initiatating projects or doing things on his/her own
- excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support form others
- feelings of uncomfortable or helplessness when alone
- urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support when close relationship ends
- unrealistically left with fears of taking care of oneself
Obsessive compulsive personality disorder
Involves preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control
Obsessive compulsive personality disorder DSM 5 criteria
- Pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness and self efficiency as evidenced by 4 or more of the following:
- preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or schedules
- perfectionism that interferes with task completion
- excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities
- overconcientious
- reluctant to discard worn out or worthless objects
- reluctant to delegate tasks or work to others
- adopts miserly spending style toward both self and others
- righty and stubbornness
DBT
Addresses symptoms commonly associated with BPD
