chapter 5 and 6 flashcards
How many net ATPs are produced when prokaryotic cell oxidizes 1 glucose ?
32 ATP
how many net ATPs are made when eukaryotic cell oxidizes 1 glucose ? Why?
30 ATP (use 2 ATP to bring glucose into mitochondria) for eukaryotes
In cellular respiration, what Is the final electron acceptor if oxygen is not available?
pyruvate
Which intermediate in glycolysis is not a shared one in gluconeogenesis ?
Oxaloacetate (only in gluconeogenesis)
What are nucleophiles ?
nucleophiles are the species that use their electrons to attack other atoms and attach themselves to the atoms.
how is glucose used in muscle ?
glucose used as a Quick source of energy through ATP production
What are non-reducing sugars ?
. Non-reducing residues within sugars are those that do not have an OH at the anomeric carbon,
Where does gluconeogenesis occur?
Liver
What happens if glycogen cannot breakdown ?
if no glycogen breakdown occurs, no glucose is available to enter glycolysis
What happens to intracellular calcium during muscle contraction ?
intracellular calcium rises during muscular contraction
What activates glycogen phosphorylase?
glycogen phosphorylase activated by:
-muscular contraction (increased intracellular calcium)
-phosphorylation
what is glycogen phosphorylase used for ?
Glycogen breakdown
Can muscle release glucose into the bloodstream ?
No, because muscle lacks the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase it is unable to convert glucose-6-P (produced during muscle glycogen breakdown) to uncharged glucose capable of crossing the muscle cell membrane. Thus muscle cannot release glucose to the bloodstream
Where is glycogen stored?
LIVER
where is fat stored?
Adipose tissue
