Chapter 5

Question 1

aquitanian polyphony

Answer 1

early 12 cen. ornate polyphony that includes discant and florid organum

Question 2

discant

Answer 2

both parts move at the same rate, the higher voice has 1-3 notes in the upper part to the Lower part

Question 3

organum

Answer 3

texture where the upper voice sings note groups of varying lengths above the lower voice

Question 4

florid organum

Answer 4

12th cen. 2 voice polyphony, lower voice long notes, upper voice fast notes

Question 5

tenor

Answer 5

lower voice (means to hold)

Question 6

Jubilemus exultemus

Answer 6

2 voices, aquitanian score notation (parts and text written on top of each other) unknown composer

Question 7

notre dame polyphony

Answer 7

Johannes De Garlandia developed the first notation since ancient Greece to show the length of notes

Question 8

ligatures

Answer 8

shows short rhythmic pattern (like neumes)

Question 9

longs/breves

Answer 9

long/short notes

Question 10

Garlandia’s rhythmic modes

Answer 10

6 rhythmic patterns based off groups of three (examples LB is quarter plus eighth)

Question 11

duplum/triplum/quadruplum

Answer 11

2nd/3rd/4th voice from the bottom in four voice style

Question 12

viderunt omnes

Answer 12

occurs first in the Wolfenbuttel manuscript, then the Florence manuscript, probably composed by Leoninus

Question 13

clausula

Answer 13

the self contained section of an organum that closes with a cadence (in Notre dame polyphony)

Question 14

conductus

Answer 14

serious medieval song that set a rhymed rhythmic poem

Question 15

substitute clausulae

Answer 15

replaces boring sections with more interesting ones

Question 16

motet

Answer 16

polyphonic vocal composition, became a genre without the church

Question 17

factum est salutare/dominus

Answer 17

early motet

Question 18

cantus firmus

Answer 18

the existing melody

Question 19

franconian notation

Answer 19

Franco of Cologne created a system in the Ars cantus mensurabilis, made notes that had different durations based on their shape, based on groups of three

Question 20

choirbook format

Answer 20

top voices on separate pages, tenor on the bottom (made because franconian notation took too much space)

Question 21

rondellus

Answer 21

English polyphony where 2/3 verses are sung by all, then they take turns singing it

Question 22

rota

Answer 22

like a canon or round

Question 23

isorhythm

Answer 23

a voice repeating the same pattern through a song

Question 24

What is an important innovation of the later 12th century?

Answer 24

invention of rhythmic modes

Question 25

Does Machaut’s Mass of Our Lady feature Gregorian chant Tenor?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

What is the principal innovation of the ars nova?

Answer 26

mensuration signs

Question 27

Are the texts of Machaut’s Mass of Our Lady proper or ordinary?

Answer 27

ordinary

Question 28

Stratified texture

Answer 28

means the music has different layers for different function