Chapter 5 Flashcards
added light
light created by instruments that are brought to location to augment the existing light
additive color mixing
system of color mixing based on red, green, and blue primaries combined to form white light
attenuate
weakening of an energy wave as it travels
backlight
element of three point lighting aimed at the back of the subject, which visually separates the subject from the background
beam splitter
device inside a video or digital still camera that separates the entering light into three separate colors (red, green , and blue) to be received by the imaging cips or tubes
brightness
property of a color that references how close it is to either complete reflection or absorption of light
chrominance
color information of light
color temperature
specific proportion of wavelengths from across the color spectrum within any source of light measured in kelvins
contrast
comparison of tonal values from white to black
dayllight film
balanced for approximately 5000K. The film can be used in other lighting conditions by using the correct colored filter on the lens of the camera
electromagnetic energy
energy traveling along any of the frequencies included in the electromagnetic spectrum that include from lowest to highest frequency, radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma ray, and cosmic ray waves
existing light
the natural light in the location
exposure
the result of light striking a photosensitive material such as photographic film or a CCD in a video camera
fill light
element of three point lighting that softens the shadows cast by the key light
filters
colored pieces of glass or plastic placed in front of a lens to change the color and/or intensity of the light
flat lightning
lighting in which the fill light has the same intensity as the key light, resulting in no modeling or casting of shadows on the subject
foot-candle
unit of measurement for rthe quantity of light, based on the amount of light produced by one candle at a distance of one foot
hard/direct/spotted light
light waves traveling in straight lines, producing light energy that covers a limited area with maximum intensity. Results in harsh highlights and dark, hard edged shadows
high key lighting
lighting set ups utilizing a 2:1 ley/fill ratio producing an upbeat daytime effect
hue
property of a color that references where it falls within the color spectrum
HMI lights
metal-halide gas discharge medium arc-length lamp, made specifically for film and entertainment applications.
illuminance
the amount of luminous flux per unit area
illusion of depth
creation of an appearance of the third dimension within a two dimensional medium
incident light meter
type of light meter that reads the intensity of light emitting from a light source
kelvin
units of measurement for the color temperature of light
key light
element of a three point lighting that provides basic illuminations and creates depth through the casting of shadows
key: fill ratio
brightness relationship between the key and fill lights
kicker low key lighting
lighting setup with a key/fill ratio greater than 2:1 producing a dramatic or nighttime effect
lumen
the international unit of light emitting from a light fixture
luminance
brightness info of light
lux
the international unit of light measuring the brightness of light as it strikes a surface
motivated lighting
technique used to promote representational lighting creating the illusion that every source of light in the frame is natural or realistic
neutral density
gray filters or gels that decrease the intensity of light without affecting color temperature
presentational lighting
lighting design specifically constructed for the camera that directly acknowledges the presence of the viewer such as a newscast
reflected light meter
type of light meter that reads the intensity of light bouncing off a surface
representational lighting
lighting design constructed in an attempt to recreate a real life situation ignoring the presence of the viewer
rods
sensitive to dim light part of the eye
saturation
property of color that references the intensity (boldness) of its hue
soft/diffused/flooded light
light waves bent through or bounced off a surface producing light energy that covers a broad area. results in less intense highlights and lighter softer edged shadows than direct light
subtractive color mixing
system of color mixing based on cyan, magenta, and yellow primaries that when combined together form black
three-point lighting
approach to ligiting in which a key light casts shadows a fill light softens shadows and a backlight creates separation between the subject and the background
tungsten film
balanced for light with a color temperature of 3200 to 3400 K. the film can be used in other lighting conditions by using the correct colored filter on the lens of the camera
waveform monitors
a special type of oscilloscope used in television production applications. It is typically used to measure and display the level, or voltage, of a video signal with respect to time
wavelengths
measurement of one full cycle of a wave from crest to crest
whitebalancing
process within a video or digital still camera that electronically adjects the color of the light entering the lens so that white will be neutral and therefore all other colors accurately reproduced
