Chapter 3 Flashcards
charge coupled device (ccd)
a computer chip used as an imaging sensor in digital still or video camera
complementary metal oxide semiconductor (cmos)
a computer chip used as an imaging device in a digital still and video camera that includes additional functionality
focal length
the distance from the center of the glass elements that make up the lens to the image plane
image plane
the surface onto which the image is reflected
angle of view
mathematical angle of a lens’ field of view (either normal, wide, or narrow)
aperture
the measurement of the adjustable opening in a lens that allows light to pass through the lens into the camera
circle of confusion
the blurred point that results from light rays traveling through a lens, but not quite converging to a single point, small ones can appear to be sharp
compression
method of saving digital audio, video, and still images that involves the removal of redundant content or the reorganization of material and results in lower file sizes, increased transmission speeds, and generally reduced quality
depth of field
a range of acceptable focus along the camera/subject axis
DSLR
digital lens reflex, digital version of SLR camera
field of view
amount of scene included in the frame
f-stop
incremental settings on a lens that indicate the size of the lens aperture
generational loss
result of an analog signal transfer which creates an amplification of the noise within the original recorded sound or image and subsequent reduction in quality
image plane
the part of the camera where the lens focuses light and the image is created, most often film or a computer chip
interlaced scanning
the method of recording video in which the rows of pixels that make up one frame of video are separated no two fields. First odd-numbered rows are scanned then the even-numbered rows
iris
the adjustable opening in a les that allows light to pass through the lens into the camera
negative film
type of photographic film in which the film that is exposed in the camera creates an opposite image. A positive print must be made from the camera negative
pixel
short for picture element; the smallest unit that makes up an image on a computer screen, tv monitor, or digital display, usually a colored dot
progressive scanning
the method of recording video or digital image in which all the rows of pixels are scanned in order from the top row of the frame down to the bottom row
resolution
clarity or sharpness of a reproduced image
reversal film
type of photographic film in which the film exposed in the camera is processed twice creating a positive image
sampling
measurements of an analog signal that allow the creation of digital stream of binary data (ones and zeros)
sensitivity
trait of film stock and video CCDs that is based on the amount of light necessary to create a properly exposed image. With film, it relates to film speed, with video, to gain. Used in conjunction with aperture and shutter speed to determine exposure
shutter
mechanical or electronic functioning of a lens that allows light to strike the image plane for a set period of time in order to create a frame of visual media
shutter speed
the length of time that each frame of media receives light through the lens aperture
Single lens reflex (SLR)
a type of camera where a retracting mirror allows the user to view what the lens is seeing
telephoto
lens with a long focal length that selects a small segment of what is in front of the lens and makes it seem closer and larger than it would to the eye
