Chapter 3

Question 1

charge coupled device (ccd)

Answer 1

a computer chip used as an imaging sensor in digital still or video camera

Question 2

complementary metal oxide semiconductor (cmos)

Answer 2

a computer chip used as an imaging device in a digital still and video camera that includes additional functionality

Question 3

focal length

Answer 3

the distance from the center of the glass elements that make up the lens to the image plane

Question 4

image plane

Answer 4

the surface onto which the image is reflected

Question 5

angle of view

Answer 5

mathematical angle of a lens’ field of view (either normal, wide, or narrow)

Question 6

aperture

Answer 6

the measurement of the adjustable opening in a lens that allows light to pass through the lens into the camera

Question 7

circle of confusion

Answer 7

the blurred point that results from light rays traveling through a lens, but not quite converging to a single point, small ones can appear to be sharp

Question 8

compression

Answer 8

method of saving digital audio, video, and still images that involves the removal of redundant content or the reorganization of material and results in lower file sizes, increased transmission speeds, and generally reduced quality

Question 9

depth of field

Answer 9

a range of acceptable focus along the camera/subject axis

Question 10

DSLR

Answer 10

digital lens reflex, digital version of SLR camera

Question 11

field of view

Answer 11

amount of scene included in the frame

Question 12

f-stop

Answer 12

incremental settings on a lens that indicate the size of the lens aperture

Question 13

generational loss

Answer 13

result of an analog signal transfer which creates an amplification of the noise within the original recorded sound or image and subsequent reduction in quality

Question 14

image plane

Answer 14

the part of the camera where the lens focuses light and the image is created, most often film or a computer chip

Question 15

interlaced scanning

Answer 15

the method of recording video in which the rows of pixels that make up one frame of video are separated no two fields. First odd-numbered rows are scanned then the even-numbered rows

Question 16

iris

Answer 16

the adjustable opening in a les that allows light to pass through the lens into the camera

Question 17

negative film

Answer 17

type of photographic film in which the film that is exposed in the camera creates an opposite image. A positive print must be made from the camera negative

Question 18

pixel

Answer 18

short for picture element; the smallest unit that makes up an image on a computer screen, tv monitor, or digital display, usually a colored dot

Question 19

progressive scanning

Answer 19

the method of recording video or digital image in which all the rows of pixels are scanned in order from the top row of the frame down to the bottom row

Question 20

resolution

Answer 20

clarity or sharpness of a reproduced image

Question 21

reversal film

Answer 21

type of photographic film in which the film exposed in the camera is processed twice creating a positive image

Question 22

sampling

Answer 22

measurements of an analog signal that allow the creation of digital stream of binary data (ones and zeros)

Question 23

sensitivity

Answer 23

trait of film stock and video CCDs that is based on the amount of light necessary to create a properly exposed image. With film, it relates to film speed, with video, to gain. Used in conjunction with aperture and shutter speed to determine exposure

Question 24

shutter

Answer 24

mechanical or electronic functioning of a lens that allows light to strike the image plane for a set period of time in order to create a frame of visual media

Question 25

shutter speed

Answer 25

the length of time that each frame of media receives light through the lens aperture

Question 26

Single lens reflex (SLR)

Answer 26

a type of camera where a retracting mirror allows the user to view what the lens is seeing

Question 27

telephoto

Answer 27

lens with a long focal length that selects a small segment of what is in front of the lens and makes it seem closer and larger than it would to the eye