Chapter 5 Flashcards
Acquired immunity
Immunity that the body developed after overcoming a disease, through inoculation, or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed
Allergy
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances.
Antiseptics
Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the food and drug administration (FDA)
Aseptic procedures
A process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce contamination
Asymptomatic
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection
Autoclave
A device for sterilization by steam under pressure
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Abbreviated AIDS: a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system. AIDS is caused by the the human immunodeficiency virus HIV
bacilli
Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Bacteria
One-celled microorganism stay have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless.
Bactericidal
Capable of destroying bacteria
Binary fission
The division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells
Bioburden
The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object before decontamination or sterilization
Bloodbourne pathogens
Disease causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV
Body substance isolation
Abbreviated BSI a system of precautions developed by a Seattle hospital in 1987 to prevent the spread of communicable disease.
Cheating soaps
Also known as chelating detergents. Detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks
Clean
Also known as cleaning: a mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt and many disease causing germs.
Cocci
Round shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups. The three types of cocci are staphylococci, streptococci, and diplococci
Contagious disease
Also known as communicable disease. A disease that is spread from person to person.
Contamination
The presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface or visible debris.
Cross contamination
Contamination that occurs when you touch one object and then transfer the contents of that object to another, such as touching skin, then touching a product without touching your hands
Decontamination
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface and the removal of visible debris or residue.
Dermatophytes
A type of fungi that causes skin, hair and nail infections.
Diagnosis
Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and or diagnostics tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia
Direct transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching, coughing, sneezing or talking
Disease
An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function.
Disinfectants
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces
Disinfection
Also known as disinfecting. The process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on nonporous surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores
Efficacy
The ability to produce an effect
Exposure incident
Contact with nonintact skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties.
Flagella
Also known as cila. Slender hair like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion.
Folliculitis
Barbers itch. Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by bacterial inception from ingrown hairs.
Fungi
Microscopic plant parasites including molds, mildews, and yeasts. Can produce contagious disease such as ring worm.
Fungicidal
Capable of destroying fungi
Hepatitis
A bloodbourne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver
Hospital disinfectants
Disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids
Human immunodeficiency virus
HIV. Virus that causes aquired immune deficiency AIDS
Human papillomavirus
HPV. and also known as plantar warts. A bird that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots.
Immunity
The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection. Immunity against disease can be natural or aquired and is a sign of good health
Indirect transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object ex. Razor
Infection
The invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogens
Infection control
Methods used to reduce chances of infection spreading
Infectious
Capable of being transmitted by infection
Infectious disease
Diseas caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
Inflammation
Condition in which body reacts to injury, irritation, infection. Redness, heat, swelling, pain
Local infection
Confined to a part of the body (pimple)
Material safety data sheet
MSDS. Info compiled by manufacturer about the product
Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
MRSA. type of bacteria that’s highly resistant to conventional treatments like antibiotics
Microorganisms
An organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size
Mildew
Type of fungus. Affects plants or grows on inanimate objects
Motility
Self movement
Multiuse
Re-usable
Mycobacterium fortuitum
Microscopic germ in tap water
Natural immunity
Inherited immunity
Nonpathogenic
Harmless microorganisms
Nonporous
No pores
Occupational disease
Illness resulting from work environment
Parasites
Grow feed and get shelter in host. Contributes nothing to hosts survival
Parasitic disease
Disease caused by parasites
Pathogenic
Harmful microorganisms
Pathogenic disease
Disease caused by pathogens
Personal protective equipment
PPE. Clothing designed to protect individuals from bloodbourne pathogens
Phenolic disinfectants
Powerful tuberculosis disinfectants. Very high pH. Can damage skin and eyes
Porous
Has pores or openings
Pus
Created by infection
Quanternary ammonium compounds
Quats. Disinfectants that are very effective when used properly
Sanitizing
Chemical process reducing number of disease causing germs
Scabies
Contagious skin disease caused by itch mite
Single use
Disposable. Throw it away after one use
Sodium hypochlorite
Bleach
Spirilla
Spiral shaped bacteria. Syphilis or Lyme disease
Standard precautions
Precautions such as wearing protective goggles to prevent blood or body fluids from getting to your eye
Staphylococci
Pus forming bacteria. Grows in clusters.
Sterilization
Completely destroys all microbial life
Streptococci
Pus forming bacteria arranged in curved lines like a string of beads
Systemic disease
Effects the body as a whole
Tunes pedis
Ringworm fungus. Athletes foot
Tinea versicolor
Sun spots. Non contagious fungal infection
Toxins
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms
Tuberculocidal disinfectants
Kills tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Disease spread by coughing or sneezing
Universal precautions
UP. A set of guidelines published by OSHA that require employer and employee to assume blood has pathogens in it
Virucidal
Destroys viruses
Virus
Parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms
