Chapter 5

Question 1

Consciousness

Answer 1

Awareness of oneself and one’s environment

Question 2

Selective Attention

Answer 2

The focusing of attention on a particular stimulus

Question 3

Preconscious

Answer 3

Description of information that is not conscious but is retrievable into conscious awareness

Question 4

Unconscious

Answer 4

According to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are unaware but which influences our behavior

Question 5

Nonconscious

Answer 5

Descriptive of bodily processes, such as the growing of hair, of which we are not aware

Question 6

Altered State of Consciousness

Answer 6

A type of consciousness other than normal waking consciouness

Question 7

Circadian Rhythm

Answer 7

A regular sequence of biological processes, such as temperature and sleep, that occurs every 24 hours

Question 8

Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep

Answer 8

A stage of sleep characterized by rapid-eye-movements and linked to dreaming; also called REM sleep

Question 9

Insomnia

Answer 9

A sleep disorder characterized by recurring problems in falling asleep or staying asleep

Question 10

Night Terror

Answer 10

A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and apparent terror; unlike nightmares, night terrors are seldom remembered

Question 11

Sleep Apnea

Answer 11

A sleep disorder in which breathing is interrupted

Question 12

Narcolepsy

Answer 12

An uncommon sleep disorder characterized by brief attacks of REM sleep, often at inopportune moments

Question 13

Meditation

Answer 13

A systematic narrowing of attention that slows the metabolism and helps produce feeling of relazation

Question 14

Biofeedback

Answer 14

A system of monitoring and feeding back information about certain biological processes, such as blood pressure

Question 15

Hypnosis

Answer 15

A condition in which people appear to be highly suggestible and to behave as if they are in a trance

Question 16

Posthypnotic Suggestion

Answer 16

Instruction given to a person under hypnosis that are supposed to be carried out after the hypnosis session has ended

Question 17

Addiction

Answer 17

A compulsive need for use of a habit-forming substance

Question 18

Depressant

Answer 18

A drug that reduces neural activity and slows body functions

Question 19

Intoxication

Answer 19

A state of drunkenness characterized by impaired coordination and judgement

Question 20

Narcotic

Answer 20

A type of drug that dulls the senses, relieves pain, and induces sleep; the term is usually reserved for those drugs derived from the opium poppy plant

Question 21

Stimulant

Answer 21

a drug that increases neural activity and speeds up body functions

Question 22

Amphetamine

Answer 22

A type of stimulant often used to stay awake or to reduce appetite

Question 23

Hallucination

Answer 23

A false sensory perception that occurs in teh absence of any actual stimulus

Question 24

Delusion

Answer 24

An erroneous belief, as a persecution of grandeur, that may accompany certain psychotic disorders

Question 25

Detoxification

Answer 25

The removal of poisonous or otherwise harmful substance, such as alcohol or other drugs, from the body