chapter 5 Flashcards
primary elections are the first elections held in what type of cycle?
electoral cycle
which year did Texas Legislature grant the right to vote only in primary and party conventions
1918
which year did Texas ratified the nineteenth amendment, allowing women to vote in all elections
1919
refers to the act of voting or the right to vote
“the franchise”
effectively prevented migrant workers from voting
early registration
what court case ended all white primaries?
Smith v. Allwright
The Supreme Court struck down the Texas White Primary Law under the Equal Protections Clause of the 14th Amendment
Nixon vs Herndon
after the white primary was ruled unconstitutional, this offshoot democratic party pre-selected candidates for the democratic primary and prohibited African Americans from participating.
Jaybird primary
which case ruled the Jaybird primary unconstitutional
Terry v Adams
roughly 5% of African Americans were registered to vote in what year?
1940
which state is African American turnout higher than any other state?
Texas
determines how many congressional seats each state will recieve
reapportionment
redrawing districts for partisan advantage
gerrymandering
case that said districts must be based on population and not geographical size
Wesbury vs Sanders
case that said that districts must be contiguous (have to be one)
Shaw vs. Reno
case that said you cannot draw districts to benefit one race over another
Miller vs Johnson
which state ranks low in the nation in voter participation
texas
based on the perception of an incumbent’s past performance in office, or the performance of the incumbency party (incumbents)
Retrospective Voting
evaluating the incumbent officeholder and the incumbents party based on expectations of future developments (challengers)
Prospective Voting
what is the best predictor of how an individual will vote
Party ID
issues that everyone supports
Valence issues
offices are listed in descending order of importance
party column ballot
a ballot printed by government that allows people to vote in secret
Australian Ballot
ballots that have the ability to speak multiple languages
Multilingualism Ballots
an individual who currently holds a set of responsibilities within a specific office as part of a corporation or within a branch of the government
incumbent
a type of retrospective voting where voters focus on their personal financial situation when deciding which candidate to vote for
pocketbook voting
The effects of individuals judgement about how the nation is doing economically on their evaluation of incumbents.
sociotropic voting
what are the 3 strongest predicts on who will vote?
age, education, income
