Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

The Integumentary System consists of…

A

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands

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2
Q

epidermis

A

superficial region; epithelial tissue & avascular

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3
Q

dermis

A

fibrous connective tissue, vascular

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4
Q

Subcutaneous system is also called the…

A

hypodermis

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5
Q

The epidermis includes what four things?

A

keratinocytes, melanocytes, dendritic cells, tactile (merkel) cells

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6
Q

Keratinocytes

A

produces keratin (protein), protective, desmosomes

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7
Q

Melanocytes

A

melanin (absorbs UV radiation)

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8
Q

Dendritic cells

A

have patrolling immune cells

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9
Q

Tactile (merkel) cells

A

have sensory receptors that sense touch

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10
Q

Four layers of skin

A

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratun corneum

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11
Q

What happens in the Stratum Basale?

A

cells are constantly dividing (some stay as stem cells and others go off to be keratinocytes)

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12
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A

spikey which is created by desmosomes; immune system here

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13
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A

granules of keratin & lipids (lipids make skin waterproof)

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14
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

flattened, dead keratinocytes

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15
Q

Why do the skin cells die as they approach the Stratum Corneum?

A

there are no blood vessels, so they harden as they move away from the oxygen

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16
Q

What is the dermis?

A

connective tissue (ECM, fibers, fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, white blood cells), oil glands, hair

17
Q

two layers of the dermis

A

Papillary (areolar/loose connective) & Reticular (dense irregular)

18
Q

Papillary

A

loose fibers, finger-like projections

19
Q

Which section of the dermis creates fingerprints?

A

papillary (dermal ridges)

20
Q

Reticular

A

collagen and elastic fibers; contains the cutaneous plexus (network of blood vessels)

21
Q

What are stretch marks?

A

striae (additional stretch to the dermis)

22
Q

Three parts of hair shaft

A

Medulla, cortex, cuticle

23
Q

Hair bulb

A

Extended area at deep end of follicle

24
Q

Hair follicle receptor

A

Sensory nerve endings that wrap around the bulb

25
Q

Hair matrix

A

Actively dividing area of bulb that produces hair cells

26
Q

Arrest or pili

A

Small band of smooth muscle attached to follicle (goosebumps)

27
Q

Hair papilla

A

Dermal tissue containing a knot of capillaries that supplies nutrients to growing hair

28
Q

Nail parts

A

Free edge, nail plate. Root

29
Q

Nail bed

A

Epidermis under keratinized nail plate

30
Q

Nail matrix

A

Part of nail bed responsible for growth

31
Q
A