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Phlebotomy 170 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Organs and systems

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2
Q

Physiology

A

How those organs and systems work

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3
Q

Anatomic position

A

Standing with palms up

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4
Q

Supine

A

Lying on one’s back

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5
Q

Prone

A

lying on one’s belly

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6
Q

What is in the ventral cavity?

A

The thoracic cavity, the diaphragm, the abdominal cavity, the abdominal pelvic cavity, and the pelvic cavity

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7
Q

What is in the dorsal cavity?

A

Cranial cavity and the spinal cavity

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8
Q

Homeostasis

A

Steady state or equilibrium

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9
Q

Catabolism

A

The breakdown of complex substances for energy

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10
Q

Anabolism

A

Conversion of simple substances to more complex substances

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11
Q

Cells

A

Smallest unit of organization in the body

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12
Q

Tissues

A

Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a special function

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13
Q

Organs

A

Group of similar tissue that come together to form a single structure

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14
Q

Systems

A

Groups of organs working together

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15
Q

Skeletal system function

A

To maintain body shape and support

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16
Q

Skeletal system structures

A

Bones which include flat (ribs), irregular (vertebrae), long (femur), and short (carpals)
Joints
Supporting connective tissue which includes ligaments and cartilage

17
Q

Muscular system function

A

To move, maintain posture and produce heat

18
Q

Muscular system structures

A

Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle

19
Q

Intergumentary system functions

A

Protects body, regulates body temperature, eliminates some waste, receives environmental stimuli, and manufactures vitamin D from sunlight

20
Q

Integumentary system structures

A

Skin, hair, nails
Exocrine glands
Blood vessels, common nerves, and sensory organs within skin

21
Q

What are the layers of skin and where do blood vessels lie?

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous
Blood vessels lie within the dermis and subcutaneous layers

22
Q

Nervous system functions

A

Controls and coordinates activities of various body systems by electrical, impulses and chemical substances sent and received

23
Q

Somatic nerves

A

Voluntary; allows one to control skeletal muscles

24
Q

Autonomic nerves

A

Involuntary; controls cardiac and smooth muscle

25
Q

Nervous system structures

A

The central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, is surrounded and cushioned by a cavity and it is also protected by three layers of connective tissue.
The peripheral nervous system which has motor or efferent nerves and sensory or afferent nerves

26
Q

Endocrine system functions

A

Secretes hormones into bloodstream

27
Q

Endocrine structures

A

The endocrine glands which consists of:
the hypothalamus and pituitary (brain)
Pineal (brain)
Thyroid (throat)
Parathyroids (on thyroid)
Thymus (chest, behind sternum)
Adrenals (on top of each kidney)
Islets of langerhans (pancreas)
Testes (scrotum)
Ovaries (pelvic cavity)

28
Q

Digestive system functions

A

Takes in food
Breaks down food
Eliminates waste products

29
Q

Digestive system structures

A

Gastrointestinal tract
Accessory organs

30
Q

Reproductive system function

A

Produces gammies needed to form a new human being.
Spermatozoa
Ova

31
Q

Reproductive system structures

A

Female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, vulva
Male: testes, Seminole vesicles, prostate, epididymis, Vas deferens, Seminole ducts, urethra, penis, spermatic cords, scrotum

32
Q

Urinary system functions

A

Filters waste
Creates urine
Eliminates waste
Helps regulate body fluids

33
Q

Urinary structures and their functions

A

Kidneys- remove waste products; produces urine
Ureters- moves urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Urinary bladder- stores urine until ready to void
Urethra- provides exit for urine

34
Q

Respiratory system functions

A

Respiration
Gas exchange and transport
acid base balance

35
Q

External versus internal respiration

A

External respiration is oxygen entering the bloodstream via the lungs; carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream via the lungs.
Internal respiration is oxygen leaves the bloodstream and enters cells and tissues; carbon dioxide leaves the cells/ tissues and enter the bloodstream

36
Q

Respiratory system structures

A

The respiratory tract

37
Q

The pancreas is endo and exocrine functions

A

Endocrine: production of insulin
Exocrine: lipase and amylase production

Phlebotomy 170 (15 decks)

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