Chapter 12 Flashcards
Computer uses in healthcare
– Manage data (information collected for analysis or computation)
– Monitor patient vital signs
– Aid in diagnosis
Computer literacy
– Know basic computer terminology
– Understand computer & functions it performs
– Perform basic operations using computers
– Demonstrate willingness to adapt to changes computers bring to our lives
Accession number
unique number generated when test request is entered into computer
cpu
central processing unit
cursor
flashing indicator on monitor
data
information collected for analysis or computation
hardware
equipment used to process data
Icon
image that signifies a computer application
ID code
unique code used to identify a person for tracking
input
data entered into computer
LIS
Laboratory information system
A customized software package designed to facilitate a variety of workflow models in the laboratory
logging on
entering as a user on system via password
Middleware
third party vendor software
mnemonic
memory-aiding code or abbreviation
online
computer is connected to system & is operational
output
processed information generated by computer
password
secret word or phrase used to enter system
peripherals
all additional equipment attached to CPU
RAM
random access memory; temporary storage of data in CPU
ROM
read-only memory; contains instruction for operation ofcomputer installed by manufacturer
software
coded instructions required to control hardware inprocessing of data
storage
a place for keeping data; outside computer, it is calledsecondary storage
verify
to confirm or check for correctness of input
computer networks
– A group of computers linked for purpose of sharing resources
– Offers advantage
– Individual computer stations are called nodes
– Include simple interoffice connections & complex systems between several organizations in different cities (Internet)
– Speed up processing, increase productivity, & reduce cost
Three Basic Components of Computer Systems
Input (order)
Process (running of specimen)
Output (result)
Three Elements that make up a computer system
Hardware
Software
Storage
LIS objectives
- File results
- Accumulate statistics to determine workload
- Generate report forms
- Monitor quality assurance & quality control in lab
LIS advantages
- Improved accuracy in testing
- Reduced clerical & billing errors
- Flexible delivery options for reports
- Increased efficiency
What is the system manager responsible for (LIS)?
- Training personnel & updating them on software changes
- Solving day-to-day problems that develop after system is installed
Four major components of LIS
– ID code
– Password
– Icons & mnemonic codes
– Bar codes
Radio frequency ID
- Composed of a reader & a tag or label
- Tag is applied to product or person to identify & track using radio waves
- Wireless scanner can track more than one tag at a time
- Used to monitor patients and identify & track specimens, equipment, & records
computerized analyzers
Sophisticated computer systems designed to manage patient data and to interface w. the LIS & main hospital intranet
Connectivity Industry Consortium (CIC)
Established to ensure that any POC analyzer can talk to any LIS
Computerization Trends
– Decentralization & increased POC testing
– Increase in remote lab testing facilities networks
Specimen handling
preanalytical phase
routine handling or special handling
specimen suitability
centrifugation
Routine handling
– Mixing tubes by inversion
– Transporting specimens
– Delivery time limits
Special handling
– Body temperature specimens
– Chilled specimens
– Light-sensitive specimens
specimen processing
- Identified
- Logged/accessioned
- Sorted by department & type of processing required
- Evaluated for suitability for testing
Specimens are rejected for
- Hemolysis
- Insufficient amount of specimen (QNS)
- Clotting
- Inadequate, inaccurate, or missing specimen ID
- Wrong or outdated tube
- Improper handling
- Wrong collection time
- Exposure to light
- Delay in testing
- Delay or error in processing
centrifuge
a machine that spins blood tubes at high rpm
Force separates cells and plasma or serum
Removing a stopper
Face or splash shield
gauze or tissue to cover stopped
pull stopper straight up and off
aliquot
portion of specimen used for testing.
used when multiple tests are ordered or when tests are performed on different instruments or in different areas.
Prepared by transferring a portion of specimen into one or more tubes labeled
