Chapter 3 Flashcards
Infection
When a microorganism invades the body, multiplies, and causes injury or disease
Types of infection
Communicable
Nosocomial and healthcare associated infections
Chain of infection
Infectious (causative) agent
Reservoir
Exit pathway
Means of transmission
Entry pathway
Susceptible host
Break the chain of infection by
Proper and effective hand washing
Isolation
Confines patient to private rooms to prevent spread of infection. Requires doctor order
Reverse isolation
Protect patient with weakened immune system from disease.
Standard precautions
Used for all patients
#1 control for nosocomial prevention
Universal precautions
Transmission based precautions
When the patient has a known/suspected illness.
Airborne, droplet, contact are the three types
Biohazard exposure routes
Airborne
Ingestion
Nonintact skin
Percutaneous (through the skin)
Permucosal (through mucous membranes)
Three major bloodborn pathogens
HIV
HBV
HCV
OHSA standard for BBP
Reduce/eliminate BBP exposure
Available PPE
Special training
HBV vaccination
Exposure control plan
Must be updated annually
Must be written
Fire classes
A- ordinary combustible materials
B- flammable liquids and vapors
C- electrical
D- combustible or reactive metals
K- high temperature cooking oils
Principles of radiation exposure
Distance
Shielding
Time
OSHA Hazard communication Standard
Statement of warning
Statement of hazard
Precautions to eliminate risk
First aid measures
Material safety data sheet
