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Psy 365 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Germinal (Stage of Prenatal Dev.)

A

0-2 weeks

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2
Q

Embryonic (Stage of Prenatal Dev.)

A

3-8 weeks

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3
Q

Fetal (Stages of Prenatal Dev.)

A

9 weeks-birth

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4
Q

Umbilical cord

A

nutrients to fetus, waste away from fetus

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5
Q

Amniotic sac

A

surrounds fetus and holds fluid

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6
Q

Amniotic fluid

A

cushions fetus, contains urine!

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7
Q

Placenta

A

provides oxygen and nutrients, attached to uterine wall, filter

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8
Q

Threats to Prenatal Development

A
  • Teratogens: external substances that can damage fetus
    –Timing – critical / sensitive periods
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9
Q

What did thalidomide do to babies?

A

Thalidomide created a range of disabilities in babies including shortening and absence of limbs, malformation of hands and digits, damage to ears and eyes, sensory impairment, facial disfigurement/palsy and damage to the brain, internal organs and skeletal structure.
-when it was taken from 4-6 weeks

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10
Q

Teratogens

A

Amount – greater expose = more likely damage
Example: On one day, did I have a small amount or big something?

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11
Q

Teratogens

A

Length
Example: Did I have the glass of wine on that one day, or did I have a glass of wine every week?
-when the baby is expose to something a continuous amount of time (length of development)

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12
Q

Teratogens

A

Individual differences – certain genes may be more sensitive

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13
Q

Teratogens

A

Sleeper Effects
-DES hormone

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14
Q

Marijuana Use? -No

A
  • Current recommendations: avoid while pregnant and breastfeeding
    – Preterm
    – Lower weight
    –Neurological – long term impact on memory and cognition, more
    anxiety, hold attention
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15
Q

Marijuana Use? -No

A
  • Disclaimers/limitations: confounding vars, when?
  • Additional caution: legalization/usage & change in potency
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16
Q

Marijuana Use? -No

A
  • Effects on sperm? – sperm count, mobility, and viability; epigenetic changes
17
Q

Stage 1 Dilation and Contractions

A
  • Early labor (up to 3 cm)
    – 8-12 hours
    – Mild contractions (30-45 sec, 5-30 min apart)
18
Q

Stage 1 Dilation and Contractions

A
  • Active labor (3-7 cm)
    – 3-5 hours
    – Stronger contractions (45-60 sec, 3-5 min apart)
19
Q

Stage 1 Dilation and Contractions

A
  • Transition (8-10 cm)
    – 30 min-2 hours
    – Long, intense contractions (60-90 sec, 30s-2 min apart)
20
Q

Stage 2 Delivery of Baby

A
  • 20 min – 2+ hours
  • 45-90 sec, 3-5 min apart
  • Urge to push
21
Q

Stage 3 Delivery of Placenta

A
  • 5-30 min
22
Q

Alternative methods

A
  • Most focus in relaxing mother and helping manage pain
  • Range of medical involvement
  • Pain-reducing drugs
  • Doulas
23
Q

Preemies

A
  • Premature – born before 37 gestational weeks
  • ~10% of pregnancies in US
24
Q

Preemies

A
  • Risk Factors
    –Twins/triplets
    – Smoking
    – Stress
25
Q

Preemies

A
  • Underdeveloped
    – Physically (size, organ function, etc.)
    –Neurologically
26
Q

Preemies

A
  • NICU care
    – Isolette/Incubator
    –Temp/moisture regulated
    – Feeding – difficulty sucking
    or swallowing
    – Breathing
27
Q

Kangaroo Care

A
  • Weight gain and brain growth
  • Respiration Rate
  • Temp regulation
  • Promotes better sleep
  • Increased odds of breastfeeding
  • Decreases parental stress
28
Q

Breastfeeding

A
  • Infants:
    – reduced risk for diabetes, childhood obesity, SIDS
    –Antibodies
    – Preemies– helps maintain immune system (may need to pump)
    – Composition changes
  • when sick
  • morning to night (ex. melatonin)
  • Moms: reduced risk diabetes, certain breast cancer, ovarian cancer
  • Plus it’s free!
29
Q

Fetal Learning and behavior

A
  • Swallowing and “Breathing”
  • Tactile stimulation
  • Responds to mom’s voice – heart decelerates
  • Prefer sweet
  • Prefer mom’s smells

Psy 365 (18 decks)

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