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Psy 365 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Parental sensitivity

A

– appropriately responsive
-not too little
-not too much

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2
Q

Individualistic – Avoidant

A

“German parents seek independent, non-clingy infants, who do not make demands on parents,
but obey their commands.”

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3
Q

Collectivistic – Ambivalent

A

“Israeli children were reared in a Kibbutz (communal living) so were used to being separated
from their mother. As a result they do not show anxiety when their mother leaves.”

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4
Q

How do attachment styles correlate with disorders?

A

Secure is least common attachment style in PD
Correlated, leaning towards third var
Ex. Disorganized & PD - Abusive parents/those affected by abuse

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5
Q

How do attachment styles correlate with disorders?

A

Insecure – higher in those with depression, anxiety, OCD, ED

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6
Q

Development of self – Infant / toddler

A
  • Control of objects outside of themselves (2-4 mo)
  • Separation anxiety (8-12 mo)
  • Joint attention (8-12 mo)
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7
Q

Development of self – Infant / toddler

A
  • Recognize self in a mirror (18-20 mo)
  • Possessiveness (18-20 mo)
  • Self-conscious emotions (2 yr)
  • Language (2.5 yr)
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8
Q

Early childhood - Self

A
  • Preschool children – some limitations to self-understanding
  • Concrete
  • Physical
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9
Q

Early childhood - Self

A
  • Active
  • Preferences
  • Unrealistic / positive overestimations
  • Do not yet compare self to peers
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10
Q

Early childhood - Others

A
  • Psychological traits (later)
  • Realistic/accurate?
  • Competency/understanding – experience/coaching
  • Early dev of Theory of Mind
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11
Q

Middle childhood - Self

A
  • Internal characteristics
  • Social descriptions
  • Social comparison
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12
Q

Middle childhood - Self

A
  • Realistic
  • Real and ideal self
  • Who I am and who I want to be
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13
Q

Middle childhood - Others

A
  • Perspective taking
  • Pro/anti social
  • Realism/skepticism
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14
Q

Adolescence – Self and Others

A

Abstract characteristics
Self-conscious
Contradictions
Self-integration
* Contradictions are ok

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15
Q

Adolescence – Self and Others

A

Others
* Theory of Mind
* Complex

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16
Q

Self-concept

A

who am I
-I am a good student

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17
Q

Self-esteem

A

how do I feel about myself
-I am a good student, I am a bad student

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18
Q

Self -esteem in media and identity

A
  • Social media – easy comparisons
  • Negative impact – body image, likes
  • “‘You take fifty photos, delete forty-nine and use one”
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19
Q

Self -esteem in media and identity benefits

A
  • Finding community
  • present genuine identity
  • Models
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20
Q

Identity achievement

A

has committed and explored

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21
Q

Identity moratorium

A

has NOT committed, but has explored

22
Q

Identity foreclosure

A

has committed, but NOT explored

23
Q

Identity diffusion

A

has NOT committed or has NOT explored

24
Q

Can you move between identities?

A

YES!
-MAMA cycle

25
Q

Lease likely to move

A

-foreclosure, but not impossible

26
Q

Unexamined Ethnic Identity (diffusion and foreclosure)

A

Positive, negative, or neutral feelings
Ambivalence/detachment

27
Q

Ethnic Identity
Search/Moratorium

A

Highly involved and highly salient
Curiosity and realization

28
Q

Ethnic Identity Achievement

A

Secure sense of group membership
Pride and acceptance

29
Q

Ethnic and Racial Identity
Development Stages

A

Knowledge: know about characteristics

30
Q

Ethnic and Racial Identity
Development Stages

A

Self-identification: categorize selves into group

31
Q

Ethnic and Racial Identity
Development Stages

A

Constancy: permanent

32
Q

Ethnic and Racial Identity
Development Stages

A

Racial/Ethnic socialization: what does it mean to
be part of this group

33
Q

Racial/Ethnic Identity and Well-Being

A
  • Higher levels of identification
  • Higher self-esteem, well-being
  • More buffered from negative effects of discrimination
34
Q

Racial/Ethnic Identity and Well-Being

A
  • Can develop multicultural identity
35
Q

Behavioral/Social Cognitive Theory

A

Direct teaching
Modeling
Punishment/reinforcement

36
Q

Gender identity (Kohlberg)

A

-1.5-2 years
-aware of their own gender

37
Q

Gender stability (Kohlberg)

A

-3-5 years
-gender over time

38
Q

Gender constancy (Kohlberg)

A

-5-7 years
-gender is stable across situations

39
Q

Gender schema theory

A

construction of gender schemas

40
Q

Identify own gender

A

aware of own gender

41
Q

Own-gender schema

A

what’s appropriate for me?

42
Q

In-group/out-group

A

schema: are you like me?

43
Q

Gender Schema Theory

A

Flexible with age

44
Q

Knowledge

A

of gender category

45
Q

Satisfaction

A

with gender (contentedness)

46
Q

Expectations

A

about conforming to stereotype

47
Q

Similar to others of gender?

A

typicality

48
Q

Role of gender in one’s identity

A

centrality

49
Q

Identity Integration

A
  • Contextual – domains
  • Intersection – relationship between domains
50
Q

Identity Integration

A
  • Person-society – self and society

Psy 365 (18 decks)

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