Chapter 5 Flashcards
4 Major types of containers
Pressure containers
Liquid holding containers
Cryogenic Containers
Solids holding containers
The most common measurement for pressure is
Pounds per square inch
Atmospheric Pressure is
14.7 PSI is one atmosphere is normally used as a standard unit of pressure
Pressure relief devices are typically set to activate at
75 Percent of the tanks pressure
4 Common dispersion patterns from pressure container include
Hemispheric
Cloud
Plume
Cone
Low Pressure tanks have pressures
From 0.5 to 15 psi
Pressure vessels including cryogenic liquid storage tanks have pressures
15 Psi or greater
Venting is a function of some cryogenic containers and may be
normal and not indicate a system failure
4 Typical dispersion patterns from cryogenic containers are
Hemispheric
Plume
Cloud
Pool
4 exceptions that can cause solid holding containers to be damage are
Oxidizers
Peroxides
Explosives
Water reactive material
3 Common breaches of solid holding containers are
Punctures
Splits
Tears
4 Common releases are
Spills and leaks
Detonation with hemispheric dispersion when oxidizers, peroxides explosives and water reactive material are involved
Violent ruptures involving reactive solids
Clouds, cones or irregular dispersion in which solids may be dispersed
Pressure Tanks also called pressure containers or pressure vessels are designed to hold contents pressure __
15 PSI or Greater
Cryogenic liquid storage tanks may have pressure of ____ with Capacities from ___ to ___
15 psi or greater
300 to 400,000 gallons
Some new Liquefied Natural gas tanks have the capacity of ___ to ____
30 to 60 million gallons
low Pressure storage tanks have operating pressures from
0.5 to 15 psi
3 types of low pressure storage tanks are
Dome roof tanks
Spheroid tanks
Noded spheroid tanks
The maximum pressure under which atmospheric tank is capable of holding its contents is
0.5psi
5 Common types of atmospheric tanks are
Horizontal tanks
Vapor dome roof tanks
Lifter roof tanks
Open and closed roof floating roof tanks
Ordinary cone roof tanks
two Specifications in use for bulk transportation containers are
MC motor carrier standards
DOT/TC standards
3 Examples of nonregulated hazards are
Molten sulphur
Asphalt
Milk
non pressure cargo tanks typical pressure is _____ and maximum capacity is ___ and typical capacity range of
less then 4 psi
14,000 gallons
1,500 to 10,000 gallons
Nonpressure cargo tanks almost always carry______ but may occasionally carry other ______
Flammable/combustible liquids like
Gasoline, Fuel oil, alcohol
Non hazardous liquids
MC 306 or DOT/TC 406 cargo tanks have the following 8 Features
Oval cross section
Bottom Valves
Longitudinal rollover protection
Valve assembly and unloading control box under tank
Vapor recovery system on curb side and rear if present
Multiple compartments
Access points and vapor recovery valves on top for each compartment located in the overturn protection
Emergency shutoff system located on the driver side front
Low Pressure chemical tanks truck aka MC 307 or DOT/TC 407 typically have pressures of
___ to ___ and capacities of ___ to ____
25 to 35 psi
5,500 to 7,000 gallons
MC 307 or DOT/TC 407 have the following 10 features
Rounded or horseshoe shaped ends, Stiffening rings that may be visible or covered
Rollover/turnover protection, Single or multiple compartments
Access points protected by the rollover/turnover protection (crash box)
Discharge piping at midship or rear, Pressure vacuum protection
Drain hose from the rollover/turnover protection down the side of the tank
Emergency shutoff (hydraulic or pneumatic) located on the left front of the tank
Corrosive liquid tank trucks aka MC 312 or DOT/TC 412 typical tank pressures ____ to ____ and capacities are from _____ to _____
35 to 55 PSI
3,300 to 6,300 gallons
MC 312 or DOT/TC 412 have the following 7 features
Small diameter round shape
Exterior stiffening rings may be visible on uninsulated tanks
top unloading on the rear of the tank with exterior piping extending to the bottom of the tank
rollover protection around the valve assembly
A pressure relief devise (PRD) typically located in rollover protection
Discolored loading/unloading area
An area painted or coated with corrosive resistant material
High Pressure Cargo tanks AKA MC 331 or TC 331 typical tank pressures ___ to ___ and capacities between ____ to ____
100 to 500 PSI
3,000 to 11,000 gallons
High pressure cargo tanks transport liquefied gases such as (3) or high Vapor Pressure liquids and Hazardous material such as (1)
Propane, Anhydrous ammonia and butane
Parathion
MC 331 or TC 311 have the following 7 Features
Bolted access point Inlet and outlet valves
White or other reflective pain scheme
Large hemispherical heads on both ends
Guard cage around the bottom loading unloading piping
Emergency shutoffs located in the left front and right rear
Proper shipping name or acceptable common name such as “refrigerant gas”
Cryogenic tanks trucks AKA MC 338 TC 338 or TC 341 have pressures ___ to ___ and capacities of ___ to ____
25 to 500 PSI
8,000 to 10,000 Gallons
MC 338 or TC 338 or TC 341 have the following 6 Features
Relief valves that my discharge nonhazardous vapor such as nitrogen or oxygen
Round tank with flat ends
Large bulky double shelling and heavy insulation with vacuum
Loading/Unloading station attached either at the rear or in front of the rear dual wheels
Permanent markings such as refrigerated liquid and proper shipping name
Emergency shutoffs on the left front and right rear
MC 338 or TC 338 or TC 341 tank trucks transport gasses that have been liquefied by lowering their temperatures include (4)
Liquefied oxygen
Liquefied nitrogen
Liquefied Carbon Dioxide
Liquefied Hydrogen
Compressed gas tube trailers typical pressures ___ to __
2,400 to 5,000 psi
Compressed gas tube trailers carry (4)
Helium
Hydrogen
Methane
oxygen
Compressed gas/tube trailers have the following 4 features
A pressure relief device (PRD) for each cylinder
Valves in protected housing
Valves maybe manifolded together
Permanent markings for the material proper shipping name
Dry bulk cargo trailers transport solids including hazardous solids such as (5)
Oxidizers
Corrosive solids
Cement
Plastic pellets
Fertilizers
While contents are not usually under pressure in dry bulk cargo trailers it may have low pressures between ___ to ___
15 to 20 PSI
Dry bulk cargo trailers have the following 5 features
Typically not under pressure
Varying Shapes that often include bottom valves with bottom unloading compartments
Rear mounted auxiliary engine powered compressor or tractor moutned power take off air compressor
Pneumatic, exterior loading and bottom unloading pipes
Top access point
Tank cars carry the bulk of the hazardous materials transported by rail and typically have capacities of ____ to _____
4,000 to 34,000 gallons
Tank Cars are divided into the follow three main categories
Low pressure cares AKA general service tank cars and non pressure tank cars
Pressure tank cars
Cryogenic liquid tank cars
Low pressure tank cars Hazardous and non hazardous solids and liquids with vapor pressures below___ and temp at __ to __and tank pressures between ___ and ___ and its capacities range from ___ to ___
25psi
105f to 115f
60 and 100psi
4,000 to 34,000 gallons
Less common older jumbo cars can have a capacity up to
45,000 gallons
Low pressure tank cars transport hazardous materials such as (6)
Flammables, Poisons
Reactives, Irritants
Oxidizers, Corrosive materials
Low pressure tank cars have the following 4 features
Cylindrical with rounded ends
At least one access point to the tanks interior
Fittings for loading/unloading, pressure and or vacuum relief gauging and other purposed visible at the top and or bottom of the car
Compartmentalized with up to six compartments constructed as distinct tanks, each with with own set of fittings, capacity and ability to transport a different commodity
Pressure tank cars are used to transport liquefied compressed gases, poison/toxic, inhalation hazard material, reactive materials and or corrosive materials requiring additional protection at pressures greater then
25 PSI
Pressure tank car pressures ranged from
100 to 600 PSI
Pressure tank car capacities range from
4,000 to 34,000 gallons
Older jumbo pressure tank cars have a capacity of up to
50,000 Gallons
Pressure tank cars have the following 8 Features
Cylindrical, Single compartment
Metal (steel or aluminum) Rounded ends
Top loading cars Rarely, bottom outlet pressure cars
Out of sight fittings located inside the protective housing mounted on the access point cover plates in the top cent of the tanks
Insulation and or thermal protection on some tanks
Cryogenic liquid tank cars carry refrigerated liquids at ____
-130f and below
Cryogenic liquid tank cars carry (6)
Argon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
LNG
ethylene
Cryogenic liquid tank cars insulation and vacuum is designed to protect the contents from ambient temperatures for up to
30 Days
Capacity stencil shows
the volume of the tank car and in gallons or liters
Specification markings indicates
the standards to which a tank care was built and stenciled on both sides of the tank
Intermodal container is
A freight container that is used interchangeable in multiple modes of transport such as roadways, railways, airways, waterways
Freight containers come in various types and sizes most commonly in this five sizes
20, 40, 45, 48, 53 foot
intermodal tank containers capacities do no exceed
6,340 gallons
The Listing of IM/IMO container types was replaced with ____ in year
T code system in 2003
T code system has to read in conjunction wiht
The current 49 CFR regulations
Low pressure intermodal tank even though they are often called non pressure intermodal tanks they can have pressures as high as
100 PSI
T6 to T14 tanks are built to withstand higher Maximum allowable working pressure MAWP of
25.4 to 100 psi
T1 to T5 tanks were designed to handle MAWP of
14.5 to 25.4psi
Pressure intermodal tank container is less common in transport T50 container was designed for MAWPs of
100 to 500 PSI
T15 to T22 witch have a MAWP or
320 PSI
T15 to T22 are now used for highly hazardous
Solids and Liquids
Ton containers are pressure tanks that have capacities of
1 short ton or approximately 2,000 pounds
Ton containers may also contain products such as (4)
Sulfur dioxide
Anhydrous ammonia
Phosgene
Freon refrigerant
Y Cylinders are type of compressed gas cylinder that can be bulk or non bulk but they are typically classified as
bulk
Typical Y container will have specification such as
DOT/TC 3AA 2400 or DOT/TC 3AA 480
According to PHMSA as of year 2017 there are over
2.7 million miles of PHMSA pipelines
A High distribution system is a network of _____ kept in the range of
High Pressure Pipeline
kept in the range of 200 to 1500 psi depending on the viscosity of the product that is being transported
Pipelines markers in the U.S. use the signal words
Caution
Warning
Danger
Radioactive material container EXPECTED
This package is used to transport materials that have limited radioactivity such as articles manufactured from natural or depleted uranium or natural thorium
Radioactive material container INDUSTRIAL
contain materials that present limited hazard to the public and environment
like Slight contamited clothing or laboratory samples
Radioactive Material container TYPE A
with relatively high specific activity levels like
Radiopharmaceuticals and Certain regulatory qualified industrial products
Radioactive material container TYPE B
that exceed the limits of type A like
Materials that would present a radiation hazard to the public or the environment if there were a major release
Materials with high levels of radioactivity such as spent fuel from nuclear power plants
Radioactive material container TYPE C
are significantly more stringent that those for TYPE B
the maximum capacity of an IBC is not more the and the minimum capacity is not less than
793 gallons
119 gallons
IBC Intermediate bulk containers are divided into type types
Flexible and Rigid
FIBC are some times called
bulk bags, bulk sacks, supersacks, big bags, or toe bags,
RIBCS are typically made of
Steel or aluminum wood, fiberboard or plastic and designed to be stacked
Carboys is
Large glass or plastic bottle that may be encased in a basket or box,
Carboys are primarily used to store and transport
Corrosive liquids although its use has expanded to non hazardous materials such as water
Jerry Can is
another name for a rectangular plastic carboy and is the term used in UN regulations
A cylinder is pressure vessel designed for pressures higher than
40 PSI
Drums Capacities range up to but ____ drums are the most common
119 gallons but 55 gallon drums are the most common
