Chapter 2 Flashcards
Historically failure to recognize hazmat has caused
Unnecessary injuries and Deaths
list of increasing clues to presence of hazardous materials (7)
1-Locations occupancy types and preincident surveys
2-Basic container information
3-Transportation placards markings and labels
4-Nontransportation hazmat markings and labels
5-Hazard information reference sources
6-Sensory clues including victim signs and syptoms
7-Monitoring and detection devices
Most kitchen garages laundry rooms and basements contain
Cleaning, supplies, caustic materials, flammable liquids, pesticides and poisons
Hydrocarbons account for more than __ percent of all hazardous materials transported throughout north America
75 percent
Awareness level personnel should also pay attention to the water level of
Rivers and tidal areas
Awareness level personnel should pay attention to __ and __ for potential terrorism targets
High profile locations and events
Any ___ type may have hazardous materials in them
Occupancy types
An increasing new problem is legal and illegal
Cannabis and CBD grow houses or extraction labs and can be any type of occupancy
4 Risks of exposure from clandestine drug laboratories are
Possible external package contamination
Lack of package integrity
Particle size of the drug may not be contained by the type of packaging
The threat of on scene criminal activity and the instability of the chemical process itself
According to the DEA Fentanyl is ___ times stronger then morphine and a lethal dose is only __
50-100 times and 2mg
Preincident surveys identify the following 8 items
Exposures such as people property and environment
Hazmat types quantities dangers and locations
Building features such as location of fixed fire suppression systems
Site characteristics
Possible access/egress difficulties
Inherent limitations of response organization when trying to control certain types of hazmat Emergency
Telephone numbers (24-hour) of responsible parties on site experts and alternates
Site or occupancy response capability
The shapes of the different types of packaging and containers can
Provide clues about the Hazardous materials inside
To meet the criteria for bulk packaging one of the following must be met
Maximum capacity is greater than 119 gallons as a receptacle for a liquid
Maximum Net Mass is greater than 882 pounds or maximum capacity is greater than 119 gallons as a receptacle for a solid
Water capacity is 1000 pounds or greater as a receptacle for a gas
To meet the criteria for bulk packaging one of the following must be met
Maximum capacity is 119 gallons or less as a receptacle for a liquid
Maximum net mass is 882 pound or less and maximum capacity of 119 gallons or less as a receptacle for a solid
Water capacity is 1000 pounds or less for a receptacle for a gas
Regardless of definition of bulk packaging a maximum net mass of 882 pounds or less for a bag or box conforming to the applicable requirements for specifications packaging including the maximum net mass limitations
Pressurized containers tend to have
Rounded ends to distribute pressure stress
Pressure container features include (5)
Rounded almost spherical ends
Bolted access points hatches
Bolted protective housings
Pressure relief devices
Pressure gauges
Non pressurized containers tend to have
Flat sided or ends
Potential Hazards for the following storage containers are
Spherical containers
Cylindrical with rounded ends
Circular containers with flat ends
Vertical cylinder with cone bottom
Horizontal cylinder with flat ends
Toxic
Corrosive
Flammable
Energetic
Asphyxiant
Potential Hazards for the following Transportation container shapes are
Cylinder with rounded ends
Smaller cylindrical with slightly rounded ends with reinforcing rings
Oval
Horseshoe Shape
Toxic
Corrosive
Flammable
Energetic
Asphyxiant
Potential hazards for Thermos bottle transportation container are
Toxic
corrosive
Flammable
Energetic
Asphyxiant
Thermal COLD
Spherical containers
offers uniform stress distribution and highly efficient pressurized storage for gases kept in liquid form, can also be a indicator that the contents are under high pressure
Cylindrical with rounded ends
Can be a indicator of pressurized contents
Circular container with flat ends and larger diameter then height
Indicated its contents are at atmospheric to low pressure
Vertical Cylinder with cone bottom
May contain anything
Horizontal cylinder with flat ends
indicates atmospheric to low pressure liquid storage
Transport cylinder with rounded ends
Indicate pressurized contents and could be high pressurized
Smaller cylindrical slightly rounded ends with reinforcing rings
Indicate may transport items with a variety of hazards
Oval with flat ends
indicates non pressurized liquids
Horseshoe shape with flat ends
Indicates low pressure container
Thermos bottle cylindrical shape with box cabinet at the rear
indicates cryogenic liquid
Cryogen is stored at
-130degrees F at 14.7PSI
Rectangular
May carry mixed cargo be bulk or non bulk
Rail boxcars, truck trailers, and intermodal transportation may
Contain large quantities of hazardous materials as part of the cargo with out placarding
Hazard class 1
Explosives
Hazard class 2
Gases
Hazard class 3
Flammable liquids and combustible liquids
Hazard class 4
Flammable solids substances liable to spontaneous combustion substances that emit flammable gases on contact and water
Hazard class 5
Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides
Hazard class 6
Toxic and infectious substances
Hazard class 7
Radioactive materials
Hazard class 8
Corrosive substances
Hazard class 9
Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles
There are six divisions in Class 1 Explosives
1.1 mass explosion hazard
1.2 Projectile fragment hazard
1.3 Fire hazard
1.4 no significant blast hazard
1.5 Very insensitive explosives
1.6 Extremely insensitive
Explosives are packaged typically as
Solids in individual packages or boxes
Primary hazard of explosives are
Thermal and mechanical
Blast Pressure wave (Shock wave) is
Rapidly released gases that ravels outward from center
Blast pressure wave and shock wave have
both Positive and negative phase and both can cause damage
Seismic effect is
Vibration is similar to an earthquake and can occur when a blast happens at or near ground level
Incendiary thermal effect is
occurs during a explosion when thermal heat energy forms a fireball
3 Additional hazards unrelated to the explosion include
Chemical hazard will probably result from the production of toxic gases and vapors
Explosives may self-contaminate as they age which increases their sensitivity and instability
Explosives may have high sensitivity to shock and friction
There are 3 Divisions of class 2 gases
Division 2.1 Flammable gases
Division 2.2 Nonflammable non toxic gases
Division 2.3 Toxic gases
The potential hasards of gas include
Energy (Flammable or oxidizer)
Toxicity
Corrosivity
other potential hazards are
Heat hazard
Asphyxiation
Cold
Mechanical BLEVE
Chemical
Primary hazards of flammable and combustible liquids are
Chemical energy
Corrosivity
Toxicity
Flammable solids are any materials in the solid state of matter that
Can readily combust in the presence of an ignition source without outside changes to density or pressure
Spontaneously combustible materials may be
Liquids or solids which can ignite within five minutes after coming in contact with air they do not require and external ignition source
Dangerous when wet substance become
Spontaneously flammable or give off flammable or toxic gas when in contact with water
Class 4 Materials often
React violently in unexpected ways during extinguishment
There are three divisions of Class 4
Division 1.1 Flammable solids
Division 1.2 Spontaneously combustible materials
Division 1.3 Dangerous when wet
Primary Hazards with Class 4 materials are
chemical energy
Mechanical energy
Corrosivity
Toxicity
Oxidizing materials are
Liquids or solids that readily give off oxygen to other oxidizing substances
This means oxidizers
Vigorously support combustion may be explosive and when combined with fuel may burn continuously
Organic Peroxides are
Both fuel and oxidizer
MSST is
Maximum safe storage temperature
SADT is
Self-accelerating decomposition temperature
Class 5 has 2 divisioins
Division 5.1 Oxidizers
Division 5.2 Organic peroxides
5 Primary hazards for Class 5 are
Thermal
Explosive reactions to contact with hydrocarbons
Mechanical
Chemical
Asphyxiation
Class 6 materials and substances include
Poisons
Poison inhalation hazard
Infectious substances
two divisions in class 6
Division 6.1 Toxic substances
Division 6.2 Infectious substances
3 Primary hazards for class 6 are
Toxicity
Inhalation hazards
Disease
Class 7 radioactive materials are
that emit radiation and are capable of penetrating and damaging living tissues
4 Primary hazards of radioactive materials are
Radiation burns
Illness
Cancer
Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases
FISSILE Label must contain the following additional information
Isotope name
Radiactive activity in international system SI units of becquerels
Transportation Index for yellow 2 and yellow 3 packages
the number in the transport index box indicate the
Maximum radiation level measured in MREM/HR at one meter fromt he surface of the package
Class 8 corrosive substances are
Either liquid or solid substance that causes full thickness destruction of human skin at the site of contact with a specific period of time
Primary hazard of class 8 materials are
Chemical
Toxic
Thermal
Mechanical
Class 9 Miscellaneous dangerous goods and materials are
Has an anesthetic, noxious, or other similar property that could cause distraction or discomfort to the crew members during transportation
Hazardous substance or waste
elevated temperature materials
marine pollutant
3 Examples of class 9 are
Lithium batteries
PCBS
Hazardous waste
Dangerous placard
Indicates a mixed load of hazardous material classes
Dangerous placards are mainly applied to
Highway, rail and ocean containers
3 Requirements of dangerous placards are
Contains nonbulk packages
Two or more hazard classes requiring different placards as specified in 49 CFR
Aggregate gross weight of less than 2.205 pounds
Placards are Diamon shape and must appear on ____ and standard size of
all sides of the vehicle transporting hazmat and standard size of 9.84 inches on each side
4 Digit un/na identification number is displayed on or in associatioin with
Placard or transportation vehicles and bulk packaging’s
Four steps in hazard recognition include identifying
Background color of the placard
Hazard class number at the bottom of the placard
UN/NA identification number
Pictogram at the top of the placard
The orange panel on intermodal tanks and containers my have two sets of numbers the bottom number is
4 Digit UN/NA identification number
Labels are
Diamon-shaped and measure 3.9 inches on each side and are attached to the package being shipped
Cargo Aircraft only label means
Materials that cannont be transported on passenger aircraft
Fumigation marking are found
on structures or container that have been or are undergoing treatment for pest control or mold
Hot Markings is used for
Elevated temperature materials such as molten sulfur roofing and road tar and molten aluminum
Molten aluminum shipped in temperatures above
1300 F
Thermal runaway is
Chain reaction leading to violent release of its stored energy
Crude oil may present inhalation hazard when
IN sufficient concentration
Non transportation or fixed facility markings and labels include a number of markings systems like (5)
Labels
Labeling systems
Colors
Color-codes
Signs that indicate the presence of hazardous materials at fixed facilities on facility pipelines and or containers
NFPA 704 is widely recognized method for
Indication the presence of hazardous materials at commercial manufacturing institutional and other fixed storage facilities
Four Hazard categories and are normally color coded as follows and are shaped in a diamond
left Blue-Health
top Red- Flammability
right Yellow- Instability
Bottom White- special hazard symbol
Hazard ratings numerical scale from
0-4 and 0indicates the minimal while 4 indicates severe hazard
Only 3 special hazard symbols are
W with a line through it- Indicates unusual reactivity with water
OX- oxidizer
SA- Simple asphyxiant
Globally harmonized system of classification and labeling of chemicals GHS is
a worldwide initiative to promote standard criteria for classifying chemicals and chemical hazards
3 Key information elements of GHS are as follows
Uniform classification of hazardous substances and mistures
Unifor labeling standards
Unifor SDS content and format
OSHA 29 CFR 19101.1200 requires
employers to identify classify and communicate hazard’s int he workplace and to train employees to recognize those hazards
CAS numbers are
unique numerical identifiers assigned to individual chemicals and chemical compounds polymers mixtures and alloys
Pesticides no include the following 7 items
EPA registration number PCP number
Hazard statement
Pictogram
Precautionary statements
Product identifiers
Singal word like Danger or Warning
Supplier identification
ISO -3864 are
Symbols identifying hazards
5 other documents may provide information about hazardous materials at a facility such as
Shipping or receiving documents
Inventory records
Riske management and hazardous communication plans
Chemical inventory reports aka teir 2 reports
Facility papers
Shipping paper identification transportations mode and what they called
Air
Highway
Rail
Water
Air bill
Bill of lading
Trainlist/Consist
Dangerous cargo manifest
ISHP spells out
I=Identification number
S=Proper shipping name
H= Hazard class or division
P= Packing group
STCC is a
Seven digit article or commodity description code beginning with either a 48 or 49
STCC when it starts with a 48 is
a commodity that is a hazardous waste
STCC when it starts with a 49 is
A commodity that is a hazardous material
WISER offers
Chemical identification support
Characteristics of chemicals and compounds
Heatlh hazard information
Containment advice
