Chapter 1 Flashcards
4 Routes of exposure
Inhalation
Ingestion
Absorption
Injection
2 Ingestion routes
Chemical residue on your hands can be transferred to your food and ingested while eating had washing is important to prevent accidental ingestion of hazardous materials
Particles can become trapped in your mucous membranes and ingested after being cleared from your respiratory tract, Appropriate respiratory protection is essential to protect lungs
List of 5 objects easily capable of cutting or puncturing your skin for INJECTION are
Sharp edges broken glass metal shrapnel
Tools with sharp edges or moving parts
Needles
Leak in high pressure source
Stinging biting or poking by insects animals or plants
list of 3 other chemicals with multiple routes of entry are
Toluene
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)
Benzene
Toluene can
Cause moderate irritation to the skin through absorptions and skin contact but if can also cause dizziness lack of coordination coma or even respiratory failure when inhaled in sufficient concentrations
Contamination is the transfer of hazardous material
To persons equipment and environment in greater than acceptable quantities
Exposure means hazardous material
Has entered or potentially entered your body via the routes of entry
List of 5 Carcinogens in humans
Acetaldehyde
Chloroform
Progesterone
PCB
Diesel Exhaust
Research indicates that __ percent of firefighters will develop cancer compared to __ percent of the general population
68 Percent
22 Percent
Research has shown that fire scene decontamination with soap and water can reduce most carcinogens by
85 Percent
3 Roles and responsibilities
Awareness level personnel- are typically at the incident when it occurs, they perform limited defensive actions such as calling for help evacuating the hazard area and securing the scene
First Responder Opertations level
3 Roles and responsibilities
Awareness level personnel- are typically at the incident when it occurs, they perform limited defensive actions such as calling for help evacuating the hazard area and securing the scene
First Responder Operations level- Are dispatched to the scene in order protect the nearby area persons and property, they responders may include firefighters law enforcement. they are allowed to perform defensive action by with some exceptions
First responder with operations mission specific level training- Perform aditional defensive tasks and limited offensive actions
4 Awareness personnel expected responsibilities
Recognize that hazmat is present or potentially present at the incident
Protect themselves and others from hazards
Call for appropriate assistance
Establish scene control by isolation the hazardous area and denying entry
Risk based response model know as APIE-T stands for
Analyze,
Plan
Implement
Evaluate
Termination
Awareness personnel and the APIE-T Process
Analyze- the incident and excise situational awareness
Plane the initial response- not responsible for this step
Implement the the response- allowed to use ERG guide and are expected to do the following
Isolate the hazardous area and deny entry
Initiate actions to protect themselves and others from hazards
Communicate information to an appropriate authority and call for assistance
Evaluate progress- not responsible for this step
Termination of incident- not responsible for this step but may participate in the briefings
4 Operations first responders responsibilities are
Identify the potential hazards involved in an incident if possible
Identify response options
Implement the planned response to mitigate or control a release from a safe distance by performing assigned task to lessen the harmful incident and keep it from spreading
Evaluate the progress of actions taken to ensure response objectives are safely met
Operations first responders and the APIE-T Process
Analyze the incident- are expected to identify potential hazards at incidents including
Type of container involved
Hazardous material involved
Hazards presented by the material
Potential behavior of the material
Plan the initial response-not responsible for this step but must understand the tasks that they may be asked to perform and why
Implement the response- use IMS establis scene control and implement protective actions such as evacuations they may be asked to
Follow safety procedures
Use assigned personal protective equipment in the proper manner
Complete their assignments while avoiding hazards
perform emergency decontaminations
Identify and preserve potential evidence if the incident is suspected crime
Evaluate the progress- are expected to evaluate the progress of their assigned tasks
Termination of the incident- may be assigned responsibility to terminate the incident and will participate in termination briefings
Operations mission specific responsibilities are
may be trained and certified to perform mission specific tasks such as using PPE or performing technical decontaminations
OSHA can enforce
Pre-existing federals laws that preceded OSHA
ANSI is
An independent organization formed by standard writers and users that manages voluntary standards system in the U.S. the approve standard but do not directly develop the standards
NFPA Job performance requirements JPR are
standard recommendations not laws or regulations unless AHJ adopts them as such but can be used as a basis for accepted practice
NIOSH is
a research agency focused on the study of worker safety and health
If your a first responder to hazmat incidents your employer must
Meet the requirements set forth in the HAZWOPER regulation 29 CFR 1910.120 and 40 CFR 311
Local Emergency Planning committees (LEPCs) are
responsible for developing an emergency plan for disasters involving hazardous substances
