Chapter 46.5 Flashcards
Conception
- Conception, fertilization of an egg by a sperm, occurs in the oviduct
Cleavage
The resulting zygote begins to divide by mitosis in a process called cleavage
Blastocyst
Division of cells gives rise to a blastocyst, a ball of cells with a central cavity
human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
The embryo releases human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which prevents menstruation
Gestation
Pregnancy
the condition of carrying one or more embryos in the uterus
divided into three trimesters
First Trimester:
Tropoplast
the outer layer of the blastocyst, called the trophoblast, mingles with the endometrium and eventually forms the placenta
Interleukin 10
Interleukin 10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in preventing inflammatory and autoimmune pathologies. (Prevents white blood cells from entereing the fetus))
First Trimester:
Organogenesis
development of the body organs
Labor
- Labor typically has three stages
- Thinning and opening of the cervix, or dilation
- Expulsion or delivery of the baby
- Delivery of the placenta
Lactation
the production of milk
Contraception
- Contraception, the deliberate prevention of pregnancy, can be achieved in a number of ways
Contraception
Rhythm Method
- The rhythm method, or natural family planning, is to refrain from intercourse when conception is most likely; it has a pregnancy rate of 10–20%
Barrier Methods
block fertilization with a pregnancy rate of less than 10%
- A condom fits over the penis
- A diaphragm is inserted into the vagina before intercourse
Contraception Methods
Birth Control Pills
Female birth control pills are hormonal contraceptives with a pregnancy rate of less than 1%
Contraception Methods:
Sterilization
permanent and prevents the release of gametes
- Tubal ligation ties off the oviducts
- Vasectomy ties off the vas deferens
