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Biol 150 > Chapter 40 > Flashcards

Chapter 40 Flashcards

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

1
Q

Diverse Forms

What is Anatomy?

A

The study of the structure of a plant or animal.

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2
Q

Diverse Forms

What is Physiology?

A

Scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.

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3
Q

Diffusion

A

Nutrients, waste products and gases exchange across cell membrane

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4
Q

Single Cell Protist

A

Any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, land plant, or fungus.

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5
Q

Multicellular Organisms

A

an organism composed of many cells

Ex. Hydra

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6
Q

Hiearchial Organization of Body Plans

Cells

A

basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life’s processe

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7
Q

Hiearchial Organization of Body Plans

Tissues

A

Tissue is a group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit.

Connective, Epithelial, Muscle, & Nervous

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8
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Tissue that supports, protects, and gives structure to other tissues and organs in the body

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9
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts.

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10
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities. It stimulates muscle contraction, creates an awareness of the environment, and plays a major role in emotions, memory, and reasoning.

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11
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

body tissue that forms the covering on all internal and external surfaces of your body, lines body cavities and hollow organs and is the major tissue in glands.

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12
Q

Epithelial Tissue

Cuboidal

A

absorption and secretion of substances like water and salt in the kidneys and hormones and other substances produced by glands

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13
Q

Epithelial Tissue

Simple Columnar

A

tall and slender with oval-shaped nuclei located in the basal region, attached to the basement membrane

In humans, simple columnar epithelium lines most organs of the digestive tract including the stomach, and intestines

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14
Q

Epithelial Tissue

Simple Squamous

A

typically lines blood vessels and body cavities and regulates the passage of substances into the underlying tissue.

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15
Q

Epithelial Tissue

Stratified Squamous

A

protection against microorganisms from invading underlying tissue and/or protection against water loss.

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16
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar

A

help trap and transport particles brought in through the nasal passages and lungs.

Falsely Striated

Striated - Striped

17
Q

Connective Tissue

Collagenous Fibers

A

Collagen is a protein in the form of fibre and is the body’s ‘glue’. It possesses two major properties, great tensile strength and relative inextensibility, and forms the major fibrous component of connective tissue structures,

i.e. tendons, ligaments, fascia, sheaths, bursae, bone and cartilage.

18
Q

Connective Tissue

Elastic Fibers

A

They endow connective tissues such as blood vessels, lungs and skin with the critical properties of elasticity and resilience.

19
Q

Connective Tissue

Reticular Fibers

A

Reticular cells provide structural support

20
Q

Connective Tissue

Loose Connective Tissue

A

tissue that contains and attaches to organs

21
Q

Connective Tissue

Cartilage

A

a flexible, tough connective tissue that provides structure and support to the body, especially in joints and other areas

22
Q

Fibrous

Fibrous Joint (?)

A

A fibrous joint is a fixed joint (synarthrosis) where collagenous fibrous connective tissue unites 2 bones.

23
Q

Adipose Tissue

A

Adipose tissue, otherwise known as body fat, is a connective tissue that extends throughout your body.

24
Q

Connective Tissue

Blood

A

fluid that transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products

25
Q

Connective Tissue

Bone

A

made of protein, collagen, and minerals, especially calcium. Supports the Body

26
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Biol 150 (34 decks)

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