Chapter 4.5- Cell Tour Flashcards
The smallest unit of life that can function independently and perform all necessary functions of life
cell
-All living organisms are made up of one or more cells
-All cells arise from other, preexisting cells
Cell theory
Mostly unicellular forms
Prokaryotes
Types of prokaryotes
Eubacteria (Bacteria) and Archaebacteria (Archaea)
True bacteria and cyanobacteria
Eubacteria (bacteria)
-Live in extreme environments
-Resemble eubacteria
Archaebacteria (Archaea)
Mostly multicellular forms
Eukaryotes
Which cell structure is:
-Cytoplasm
-Ribosome
-Nucleoid
-Capsule
-Cell membrane
-Cell wall
-Flagella
prokaryotic cell
Which cell structure is:
-Nucleus
-Cytoskeleton
-Plasma membrane
-Golgi apparatus
-Vesicle
-Endoplasmic reticulum
Eukaryotic cell
Types of cell membranes in eukaryotic cell
-Plasma membrane
-endo membrane system
Everything between the plasma membrane and nuclear envelope
cytoplasm
gel-like substance excluding organelles
cytosol
discrete membrane-bound sub celluar compartments specialized to carry out specific cellular functions
organelles
Types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
-Rough
-Smooth
What do plant cells contain that animal cells don’t?
-Vacuole
-Chloroplast
-Separate/protect DNA from the rest of the cell
Nucleus
-studded with ribosomes
-layers of flattened membrane sheets
rough endoplasmic reticulum
-smooth tubules
-no ribosomes
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-processes and packages material for secretion
-different regions contain distinct enzymes
Golgi apparatus
Uses enzymes to digest/break down materials like fats, proteins , carbohydrates, etc
Lysosomes
-Stores water, ions, organic molecules in plant cell
Central Vacuole
- powerhouse of cells
-oxidation of carbs and fatty acids
-produce ATP
(found in both animal and plant cells)
mitochondria
-photosynthesis and starch production
-only found in plants
chloroplast
series of proteinaceous filaments and tubules
cytoskeleton
Controls cell shape, cell motility, replication, secretion, gene expression, etc
cytoskeleton
