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NRSG 210 > chapter 44 respiratory medications > Flashcards

chapter 44 respiratory medications Flashcards

1
Q

what are three common antiasthmatic drugs that are used for people with asthma and COPD***

A

Bronchodilators
Anti inflammatories
Mucolytics

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2
Q

True true or false
If a person has severe asthma they may be on several of these classifications antiasthmatic drugs***

A

TRUE

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3
Q

what is the neurotransmitters used in the Parasympathetic nervous system***

A

Acetylcholine ONLY

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4
Q

what is the neurotransmitters used in the the sympathetic nervous system***

A

acetylcholine and Norepinephrine

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5
Q

what do beta 1 receptors control

A

controls the heart

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6
Q

what do beta 2 receptors control

A

lungs and uterus (think 2 for 2 lungs)

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7
Q

what do alpha 1 receptors control

A

Pupils
peripheral vasoconstriction
pee (controls bladder)
(think about it as the three p’s)

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8
Q

WHat are muscarinic receptors***

A

they are the first receptor in the Parasympathetic Nervous system

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9
Q

what are the three main action mechanism of bronchodilators ***

A
  1. Stimulate Beta 2 receptors resulting in bronchodilation
  2. inhibit release of bronchoconstriction substances from mast cells
  3. Increase mucociliary transport
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10
Q

what are the 3 different durations of action of bronchodilators ***

A
  1. Short acting (SABA)
  2. Intermediate
  3. Long acting (LABA)
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11
Q

Do bronchodilators treat inflammation? ***

A

no they only induce vasodilation they do not treat inflammation

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12
Q

what kind of asthma attack are SABA’s used for and how long is there onset***

A

used for acute attacks immediate onset of action and last for 2-6 hours

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13
Q

what kind of asthma treatment are intermediate bronchodilators used for and how long is there onset***

A

used as a maintenance drug and have a slow onset and last about 8 hours

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14
Q

what kind of asthma treatment are LABA’s used for and how long is there onset***

A

used as a maintenance drug have a slow onset and last up to 12 hours

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15
Q

What is an example of a SABA with its trade and generic name

A

Salbutamol trade name Ventolin

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16
Q

what is an example of a LABA with it’s trade and generic name

A

Salmeterol trade name Serevent

17
Q

what are 4 serious adverse effects of bronchodilators **

A

Tachycardia
Bronchospasm’s
tremors
chest pain

17
Q

what are 4 drug interactions to be aware of for bronchodilators ***

A
  1. Beta blockers
  2. MAOI’s
  3. Thyroid Hormone
  4. Caffeine
18
Q

What pregnancy category are bronchodilators **

A

Category C

19
Q

how do anticholinergic medications induce bronchodilation

A

block action of acetylcholine at vagus nerve mediated site which relaxes the smooth muscles

20
Q

What do anticholinergics do to the GI tract ***

A

since they inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system it slows down the gi tract and can lead to an obstruction or impaction which can be very dangerous

21
Q

what is a short acting anticholinergic with its generic and trade name

A

ipratropium bromide trade name atrovent

22
Q

what is a long acting anticholinergic with its generic and trade name

A

tiotropium bromide trade name spiriva

23
Q

what are 5 contraindications of anticholinergics***

A
  1. hypersensitivity to ipratropium, soya lecithin soy beans or peanuts
  2. Narrow angle glaucoma
  3. BPH
  4. Urinary tract obstruction\
  5. Renal disorders
24
Q

what is the most effective drug for long term control of asthma***

A

corticosteroids

25
Q

what is the action of inhaled corticosteroids***

A

they inhibit the release of inflammatory agents and reduce mucus build up in the bronchioles they are NOT bronchodilators

26
Q

What is an adverse effect of long term use of inhaled corticosteroids***

A

may affect bone health but oral medications are much worse

27
Q

how do mucolytics help people with asthma ***

A

they work by breaking down mucus decrease its tenacity which both help in the clearance of sputum

28
Q

how are mucolytics administered ***

A

Nebulizers
Orally
IV

29
Q

what type of drug is Acetylcysteine (mucomyst)

A

it is a mucolytic

30
Q

Which mucolytic are used for patients with an acetaminophen overdose ***

A

Acetylcysteine in an iv form is given to patients with an acetaminophen overdose because it binds to the toxic metabolites in the liver

NRSG 210 (19 decks)

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