Chapter 44

Question 1

Components of communication

Answer 1

Sender:The originator or source of the idea

Message: The idea

Medium or channel:A means of transmitting the idea, which can be verbal or non verbal

Receiver: The person who receives and interprets the message

Interaction: The receivers response to the message through internal feelings and verbal and nonverbal feedback

Question 2

Verbal communication

Answer 2

sharing information through written or spoken word

Question 3

non verbal communication

Answer 3

sharing info without using words

Question 4

noncongruent communication

Answer 4

the clients tone or voice may imply a totally different meaning than the message

Question 5

congruent communication

Answer 5

words, tone, and body language are all sending the same message

Question 6

Aphasia

Answer 6

defect in or loss of the ability to speak, write, or sign, or of the ability to comprehend speech and communication

Question 7

Expressive Aphasia

Answer 7

difficulty in speaking or finding the correct word

Question 8

receptive aphasia

Answer 8

interferes with comprehension of language, affects ability to read and understand speech

Question 9

Kinesics

Answer 9

Study of body language

Question 10

Proxemics

Answer 10

Space, in relationship communication

may differ between cultures or other situations

Question 11

Intimate space

Answer 11

Within 6in-1.65 feet

love making, sharing secrets, physical assessment in healthcare

Question 12

Personal space

Answer 12

1.5-4ft

general conversation, interviews, teaching one-on-one, private conversation

Question 13

Social space

Answer 13

4-12 feet

demonstrations, group interactions, parties

Question 14

Public space

Answer 14

more than 12 feet

lectures, behavior with strangers

Question 15

Social factors

Answer 15

Social acceptance of a particular illness plays a role in a persons reaction to the illness

ex: An STI or psychiatric disorder maybe be more difficult or embarrassing for the client than a disorder such as glaucoma or diabetes because of society’s attitudes.

Question 16

Religion

Answer 16

Members of some religious groups do not utilize traditional western medicine

Question 17

History of Illness

Answer 17

people who have never been sick may feel threatened or incapacitated by loss of control and may react becoming very fearful, depressed, hostile or resistant

Question 18

Body Image

Answer 18

How clients feel about themselves and illness affects communication.

Ex: A client who has had a mastectomy or has become impotent may worry about their sexual appeal

Question 19

Physical disabilities

Answer 19

Clients often have health conditions that impair their ability to communicate

Question 20

Close-ended questions

Answer 20

only brief and predictable responses are required

Ex: “do you sleep well”
“how many children do you have”
“do you have a normal sex life”

Question 21

open-ended question

Answer 21

encourages longer and more thorough answers

“tell me about your sleep patterns”
“tell me about your family”
“describe the pain in your leg”
“what is your usual pattern of bowel movements”

Question 22

Use of silence

Answer 22

Silence gives the nurse and the client an opportunity to collect their thoughts and prepare to continue the conversation

Question 23

Clarification

Answer 23

Clarification is necessary if the clients answer is unclear or the nurse wants additional information

“tell me more about it”
“explain that to me”

Question 24

Reflection

Answer 24

Nurse may echo the clients words, allowing the client to hear what he or she has just said or to point out the clients behaviors or attitude that seems to be underlying his or hew words

1)CLIENT: “My life has been one frustration after another.” NUrsE: “Your life has been full of frustrations?”

2)CLIENT: “I’m just a worthless old man, and no one cares about me!”
NUrSE: “You say that as if you were angry.”
CLIENT: “I am angry. I raised six children and gave them the best years of my life. If they cared about me, they would come to visit me.”

Question 25

Summarizing

Answer 25

If the nurse tells the client what they heard, it helps the nurse to make sure it was what the client meant.

CLENT: “I was in the hospital 2 years ago and I swore 1 would never come here again.”
NURSE: “You were dissatisfied with your stay?”
CLIENT: “The food was
so tasteless. I could not eat. My
roommate died. The noise at night her me from sleping.
I went home in worse shape than when I came in.”
NURSE: “Sounds like you were very uncomtortable when you were here and are apprehensive about being admitted to the hospital again. How can we help improve the situation?”

Question 26

Paraphrasing

Answer 26

Use of paraphrasing helps the nurse to clarify the interpretation of the message by restating it in other words

Client: “it was really noisy here last night. It was like Grand Central Station”

Nurse: “You didn’t get a good night’s sleep? what can we do to help you sleep better?”

Question 27

communicating with the visually impaired or hearing impaired

Answer 27

Do no not frighten the person, announce yourself before entering

utilize the service of a sign language interpreter if they communicate this way

Question 28

Communication with unconscious patient

Answer 28

always assume client can hear you

introduce yourself

explain what you are going to do

talk to the client

do not talk about the client in their presence