Chapter 22 ebook Flashcards
Infectious diseases
spread by pathogens or toxins among susceptible individuals
Communicable disease
they are transmitted from one source to another by infectious bacteria or viral organisms
noncommunicable diseases
a disease caused by toxins from food poisoning or infection caused by toxins in the environment
Contagious diseases
communicable diseases that can spread rapidly among individuals in close proximity to each other
community-acquired infections
those that are not present or incubating prior to care provided by health care providers
health care-associated infections
acquired within a health care facility
Infection
is a condition that results when microorganisms cause injury to a host
colonization
a condition in which microorganisms are present, but the hose does not manifest any signs or symptoms of infection
Affects on older adults
are more susceptible to infections because of an age-related decrease in immune system functioning
Infections are more likely to have a rapid course and life threatening consequences once they become established
Incubation Period
Infectious agent reproduces, but there are no recognizable symptoms. May exist the host at this time and infect others
Prodromal stage
initial symptoms appear, which may be vague and nonspecific. They may include mild fever, headache, and loss of usual energy
Acute stage
Symptoms become more severe and specific to the tissue or organ that is affected.
Convalescent stage
The symptoms subside as the host overcomes the infectious agent
Resolution
The pathogen is destroyed. Health improves or is restored
Infection control precautions
are physical measures designed to curtail the spread of infectious diseases